Population in the Philippines free essay sample

The Philippines is home to more than 90 million people as of 2013. Overpopulation and industrialization could perhaps be the major contributors to environmental problems being experienced in the country. With overpopulation and industrialization, our natural resources have a higher demand than supply. Our country is rich in natural resources. We have abundant gold, copper, sulphur, and nickel reserves. We are also surrounded by waters due to our archipelagic state which makes us one of the top fish producing countries in the world. Our vast forests also house a lot of plants and trees which help prevent or decrease the amount of flood in our lands. However, in just a short amount of time, our country’s natural resources are quickly diminishing due to environmental problems experienced in the Philippines. Here are some of the major environmental problems in our country today. Deforestation Towards the end of the 20th century, the country’s forest cover dropped from 70% down to just 20%. We will write a custom essay sample on Population in the Philippines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From 1934 – 1988, almost 9. 8 million hectares of our forest were destroyed. At 2000, we had 600,000 hectares of old growth forest left. With massive deforestation, lots of species are also endangered. More than 400 plants and animals are currently threatened with extinction including the dugong, tamaraw, and the Philippine eagle. Deforestation also contributes to soil erosion, disruption of the water cycle, and massive flood and drought. Another major cause of deforestation is the practice of kaingin by most Filipino farmers. The Kaingin System is the slashing and burning of forest trees and vegetation in order to convert them to agricultural lands or pasture for livestock. Seeds left over at the area are burned so there is no more chance for these seeds to grow into trees. In 2010, farmers from Isabela who practice kaingin have destroyed 20 hectares of forest which would then be planted with coconut seedlings. This type of practice contributes to soil erosion and the ultimate collapse of the environment within the area which would lead to poor air quality and habitat loss for animals. Air Pollution With increasing human activity, air pollution is worsened. It was reported in 2013 that public utility vehicles, mostly jeepneys, produce 22,000 metric tons of soot emissions per year. More than half a million diesel fuelled jeepneys, trucks, buses, and other private vehicles contribute to about 70% of the total soot or black carbon emissions in the Philippines. Aside from vehicles, open disposal facilities greatly contribute to global warming for they become an large source of greenhouse gas emissions. About 1000 dumpsites, open and controlled, exist in the entire Philippines. Studies show that dumpsites comprise 34% of human-related methane emissions to the atmosphere. Methane is more harmful than carbon dioxide in a way that it has 23 times more heat trapping power. Air pollutants such as â€Å"dioxins† and â€Å"furans† are two of the most common emitted pollutants in our country. These two chemicals are the byproducts of incomplete combustion of household garbage. These chemicals have a serious impact on the environment and in public health. These chemicals may be deposited in leafy plants and could possibly be eaten by farm animals and fish. The chemical â€Å"dioxin† accumulates in fatty tissues and is passed into humans via consumption of animal products such as egg, dairy, fish, and meat. In 2012, The DENR signed a deal that aims to ban backyard burning. Water Pollution Bodies of water in our country are polluted by toxic industrial waste and sewage that is directly dumped without proper treatment into these bodies. Just 10% of the total sewage in the Philippines is treated and disposed in an environmentally safe manner. As of 2013, The Manila Bay, which is the country’s most polluted body of water, contains a mixture domestic sewage, toxic industrial effluents from factories and shipping operations, leachate from garbage dumps, and runoff from chemical agriculture. These pollutants produce a high level of fecal coliform, and presence of heavy metals, pesticides, and excess feeds in the water. Damages of the water contamination reach up to 4 billion pesos yearly, mostly in fisheries, exports and mortality costs due to waterborne diseases. Major river systems in the country such as the Pasig River contain a load of oil slicks and lots of floating garbage and feces which results to a dark colored water and an unpleasant odor. High levels of organic loads, heavy metals, phosphates, nitrates, and pesticides degrade the quality of the water of the Pasig river, as well as other rivers in the Philippines due to the continuing industrialization of our nation which began during the post-World War II period. Lots of coastal areas are affected by the â€Å"red tide† phenomenon wherein our bodies of water change in color due to high algal biomass or concentration of algae. The most harmful algae produce red tide toxin which is carried by shellfishes. When these shellfishes are consumed by humans, there is a huge risk of paralytic, diarrheic, and amnesic shellfish poisoning. Red tide also causes a lot of economic damage apart from health and environmental problems. In 2013, the BFAR has raised a red tide alert on the coasts of Bataan due to high contamination of the toxin. Illegal Mining Our country is rich in minerals such as mercury, gold, copper, and nickel which attracts both local and international miners to come to our country. The most controversial mining issue is in the island of Palawan. There are 429 mining claims and applications that threaten Palawan’s protected zones. These zones include 17 key biodiversity areas, 2 UNESCO World Heritage sites, numerous watersheds, endemic flora and fauna and home of indigenous tribes. Palawan mining has caused destructions of its virgin forests and siltation of water sources. These events have pushed local farmers and Palawenos to cry for help for their land. Mining also contributes to air pollution due to the release of greenhouse gases such as methane from mine explosions and water pollution due to contamination of water which increases its salinity. The contamination of the water comes from toxic leftover chemical deposits.

Disaster Recovery Essay

Disaster Recovery Essay Disaster Recovery Essay The disaster recovery plan for SunGrafix includes step-by-step procedures of the disaster recovery process. Since this is a gamin company, the DR plan is quite different than a normal business. We have covered or at least touched all the eight steps of disaster recovery plan. It includes facilities’ diagrams, network diagrams, risk assessments, threat mitigation process, plan test results and action plan etc. The Need For a Disaster Recovery Plan SunGrafix’s business sales have been increasing in last two years almost by double. The products and services that SunGrafix provide to its customers are more than ever. â€Å"Once a disaster strikes, it's too late to stop and go through the planning process. To be effective, a disaster recovery plan must be in place before a problem arises. While it may not be possible to plan in advance for every possible situation that can harm a business, some problems are more likely to occur than others. By coming up with contingency plans for the most likely disasters, the negative effects of such events can often be mitigated†(Olson, 2008). When our team looked at this organization as a whole, we didn’t see any planning that has been going on to protect the organization. The Upper management has agreed to design and develop a good disaster recovery plan for this organization after reviewing the threat assessment document we submitted to them. SunGrafix employees and IT infrastructures would be in danger without a planning, and the business could go bankrupt if we do not plan for a disaster before it strikes. â€Å"An effective disaster recovery plan will ease the first hectic days because you will already know what to do to keep your business running effectively and efficiently. During a disaster and in its immediate aftermath, having an established and well-rehearsed emergency protocol will save you,

Analysis of Wants by Grace Paley

Analysis of 'Wants' by Grace Paley Wants by American writer Grace Paley (1922 - 2007) is the opening story from the authors 1974 collection, Enormous Changes at the Last Minute. It later appeared in her 1994 The Collected Stories, and it has been widely anthologized. At about 800 words, the story could be considered a work of flash fiction. You can read it for free at Biblioklept. Plot Sitting on the steps of the neighborhood library, the narrator sees her ex-husband. He follows her into the library, where she returns two Edith Wharton books she has had for eighteen years and pays the fine. As the ex-spouses discuss their different perspectives on their marriage and its failure, the narrator checks out the same two novels she has just returned. The ex-husband announces that he will probably buy a sailboat.  He tells her, I always wanted a sailboat. [†¦] But you didnt want anything. After they separate, his remark bothers her more and more. She reflects that she doesnt want things, like a sailboat, but she does want to be a particular kind of person and to have particular kinds of relationships. At the end of the story, she returns the two books to the library. Passage of Time As the narrator returns the long-overdue library books, she marvels that she doesnt understand how time passes. Her ex-husband complains that she never invited the Bertrams to dinner, and in her response to him, her sense of time collapses completely. Paley writes: Thats possible, I said. But really, if you remember: first, my father was sick that Friday, then the children were born, then I had those Tuesday-night meetings, then the war began. We didnt seem to know them anymore. Her perspective starts at the level of a single day and one small social engagement, but it quickly sweeps out to a period of years and momentous events like the births of her children and the commencement of war. When she frames it this way, keeping library books for eighteen years seems like the blink of an eye. The Wants in Wants The ex-husband gloats that he is finally getting the sailboat he always wanted, and he complains that the narrator didnt want anything. He tells her, [A]s for you, its too late. Youll always want nothing. The sting of this comment only increases after the ex-husband has left and the narrator is left to ponder it. But what she realizes is that she does want something, but the things she wants look nothing like sailboats. She says: I want, for instance, to be a different person. I want to be the woman who brings these two books back in two weeks. I want to be the effective citizen who changes the school system and addresses the Board of Estimate on the troubles of this dear urban center.  [†¦] I wanted to have been married forever to one person, my ex-husband or my present one. What she wants is largely intangible, and much of it is unattainable. But while it may be comical to wish to be a different person, there is still hope that she can develop some attributes of the different person she wishes to be. The Down Payment Once the narrator has paid her fine, she immediately regains the goodwill of the librarian. She is forgiven her past faults in exactly the same measure that her ex-husband refuses to forgive her. In short, the librarian accepts her as a different person. The narrator could, if she wanted, repeat the exact same mistake of keeping the exact same books for another eighteen years. After all, she doesnt understand how time passes. When she checks out the identical books, she appears to be repeating all her same patterns. But its also possible that shes giving herself a second chance to get things right. She may have been on her way to being a different person long before her ex-husbands issued his scathing assessment of her. She notes that this morning - the same morning she took the books back to the library - she saw that the little sycamores the city had dreamily planted a couple of years before the kids were born had come that day to the prime of their lives. She saw time passing; she decided to do something different. Returning library books is, of course, mostly symbolic. Its a bit easier than, for instance, becoming an effective citizen. But just as the ex-husband has put a down payment on the sailboat - the thing he wants - the narrators returning the library books is a down payment on becoming the sort of person she wants to be.

Advocacy Policy for African Americans with Diabetes Research Paper

Advocacy Policy for African Americans with Diabetes - Research Paper Example For this purpose, nurses can collaborate with the Senator and hospital administrators to tell them of their concerns. Provision 9 is about shaping a social policy. This code of ethics encourages nurses to work individually and together through political action to bring social reform (American Nurses Association, 2011). Incorporating these provisions in the policy for African Americans can help the nurses to shape healthcare within the US. This is because these provisions urge nurses to go out in the community and raise awareness about health-related sociocultural issues like poverty, homelessness, and abuse of human rights. Nurses should work both individually and collectively to achieve this end. Adherence to these provisions of the ANA code of ethics is in itself a powerful force to promote advocacy policy. Ethical dilemmas related to lobbying can arise during my advocacy campaign. The whole process of lobbying should be very transparent and there should be no corruption. An unethical practice related to lobbying occurs when policymakers are bribed in some way by those seeking to bring a change. This practice should not be allowed because it only lets those people win who have more power and resources. This ethical dilemma can be resolved by training all nurses to not encourage lawmakers to vote for their policy in a biased manner. However, not all ethical dilemmas are related to lobbying. For example, research has it that there are moral judgments which should be evaluated (Masse and Williams-Jones, 2012, p. 241). Many times people are blamed for having a certain disease due to making bad lifestyle choices by the lobbyists. The burden of responsibility for an illness should not be placed on patients when there a staggering amount of evidence suggests that â€Å"risk factors external to an individual’s control can have an enormous impact on his or her health† (Masse and Williams-Jones, 2012, p. 242). So, this ethical dilemma can be resolved

ENTREPRENEURSHIP Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

ENTREPRENEURSHIP - Coursework Example It has been expressed by analysts that fresh cold sandwiches ingredient with green vegetables are abundantly desirable among the various levels of people. Hence, after analysis of different business analysts’ views and market researchers, it has been decided to start a fast food restaurant business in London. Hence, as an entrepreneur, it is essential to build plan and execute a start up fast food restaurant business in the competitive market of the London. Based on the market research, the restaurant will be serving fresh and healthy hamburgers and green vegetable sandwiches to the customers. Paramount importance will be provided on service and food quality to ensure greater customer satisfaction. The interiors of the restaurant will also be considered as an important aspect for attracting substantial customer base. Accordingly, the restaurant will be furnished in traditional style revealing the local culture of the UK. Irrespective of the size of the organisations, structured vision and mission are essential element for channelizing the efforts towards the specific direction. Correspondingly, the vision and mission of the restaurant are driven by the goals of achieving competitive advantage and profit-maximization along with securing growth in the foreign market. The vision of the restaurant is to deliver utmost customer satisfaction through deliverance of healthy food items at affordable prices. Similarly, the mission of the restaurant is to achieve the position of being most promising and leading competitor in the fast food business industry in the UK and to attain rapid expansion in other parts of the world as well (Gartenstein, n.d.). Businesses, irrespective of size have foremost objectives to achieve extreme competitive traction and customer satisfaction to ensure profitable growth. Correspondingly, below is the list of objectives which the restaurant intends to achieve within the five years’ time frame. To

Kant vs Mill Essay Example for Free

Kant vs Mill Essay In the Foundation of the Metaphysics of Morals, the author, Immanuel Kant, tries to form a base by rejecting all ethical theories that are connected to consequences, and then focusing on our ethical motivations and actions. Kant wants to derive good characters out of contingently right actions. He believes that everything is contingent (everything can have good or bad worth, depending on how it is used). So he is trying to find the supreme principal of morality in all his reasoning. Kant also believes that an action is right or wrong based solely on the reason by which it was performed. However, a Utilitarian, like John Mill, would reject Kants reasoning of originating good characters out of actions alone, and instead argue that if an action has bad consequences, then the action was morally wrong. Kant believes that an action has moral worth only if it is done out of respect for our moral code. He names this moral action a ? duty. Kant also believes that in determining the moral worth of an action, we need to look at the maxim by which it was performed. So, we need to look at ones reason for doing an action to determine if it is a duty. If the reason for performing the action is justified, then the action is a duty. However, Kant says there are two different types of reasons for performing an action. Kant calls these reasons ? imperatives. The first reason for performing an action, the hypothetical imperative, is based on consequences and on our personal preferences. They are also contingent, meaning that they can be good or bad depending on how they are used. People choose to perform a given action because of the hypothetical imperative. The second reason for performing an action according to Kant is called the categorical imperative. These are not based on our preferences, dont deal with consequences of an action, and are derived a priori. They are completely separate from hypothetical imperatives. We all have knowledge of categorical imperatives before experiencing them first. They are kind of a second nature for us, which needs to be recognized according to Kant. These are the most important reason for performing an action. These imperatives also have the characteristics that Kant needs in order to make his point that all of our moral principals are categorical, have absolute authority, and are independent of different situations. These categorical imperatives have three different formulations. The second formulation of the categorical imperative deserves the most attention. The second formulation states that all rational beings should be treated as ends, because they are ends in themselves. So in making a decision, we must choose the action which respects the ends of others and of ourselves. This would be respecting an individuals autonomy. Autonomy is commanding yourself to do what you think is a good idea to do. Since your self-identity comes from the autonomy principal, it is making choices based on your values. Each person has an idea of how they want to live their life, and with interfering with that idea, we are showing that person a lack of respect for their whole person. A good example of interfering with a persons autonomy is making false promises to somebody. When we lie to someone, we take away their choice by exploiting them. So when we take away their choices, we take away their autonomy. This is because it distracts the persons perception on what is the case. If they cant see everything clearly and make a good, moral choice, that is because they dont know what they should. So we rob them of the ability to control themselves and their future. If everybody made choices and acted on their autonomy, would this world be a safe place to live? It wouldnt, because some people have no morals, and their autonomy tells them it is on their best interest to kill somebody. However, if each person respected the ends of themselves and of others, while acting on their autonomy, it would be a very safe place to live. In fact, it would be a perfect community. Kant calls this idea the ? Kingdom of Ends. In the Kingdom of Ends, only those moral laws which respect and further the establishment of this perfect community are adopted. This perfect community is impossible to achieve, Kant says. But he says it is our best interest to try to reach it. As I mentioned before, a Utilitarian, like John Mill, would argue against Kant by saying that an action has moral worth based on its consequences alone. Mill would argue against Kant by saying that making false promises are good or bad, based on the outcome, not on making the false promise. Mill would argue that if lying to somebody saved them some misery, or even their life, then lying to them would be the right action to do. For example, if you knew that somebody was going to get the crap kicked out of them tomorrow in class, and this person happened to be your friend, then you would tell them that your instructor called and class was cancelled. This would be making a false promise to your friend, and will most likely have good consequences because your friend did not go to class and get beat up. Mill says this is the right action to take in this situation, because there were good consequences in the end of things. However, Kant would completely reject this idea of performing actions based on consequences. He does this based solely on unforeseen consequences. We cannot hope to predict the outcome of any given situation. It is impossible; there is no such thing as seeing the future. So by making a false promise to your friend, you have still done the morally wrong action, even though it will most likely save them some suffering. It did indeed take away their choices, so they cant act in a way they want to act (going to class). I happen to agree with Kants idea here. I think that no matter what the consequences are, performing the right action is always the right thing to do. Overall I think that Kant has better arguments because they are directed at the individual, not at society in whole. I also agree that the moral worth of actions is determined by the motivating principal of the action, not by the consequences, like John Mill. So I am a deontologist, for the most part. However, I also agree with some of the things that Mill has to say. So is there a way that we can combine the ideas of Mill and Kant together in order to form a perfect society in which everybody is happy? I dont know the answer to this question, but we should all strive to do so, and we should start by respecting each others autonomy and treating others as ends.

Analysis of Sonnet 73 Essays -- Sonnet essays

[Line 1]* - 'that time of year' being late autumn or early winter. [Line 2]* - Compare the line to Macbeth (5.3.23) "my way of life/is fall'n into the sere, the yellow leaf". [Line 4]* - 'Bare ruin'd choirs' is a reference to the remains of a church or, more specifically, a chancel, stripped of its roof and exposed to the elements. The choirs formerly rang with the sounds of 'sweet birds'. Some argue that lines 3 and 4 should be read without pause -- the 'yellow leaves' shake against the 'cold/Bare ruin'd choirs' . If we assume the adjective 'cold' modifies 'Bare ruin'd choirs', then the image becomes more concrete -- those boughs are sweeping against the ruins of the church. Some editors, however, choose to insert 'like' into the opening of line 4, thus changing the passage to mean 'the boughs of the yellow leaves shake against the cold like the jagged arches of the choir stand exposed to the cold'. Noted 18th-century scholar George Steevens commented that this image "was probably suggested to Shakespeare by our desolated monasteries. The resemblance between the vaulting of a Gothic isle [sic] and an avenue of trees whose upper branches meet and form an arch overhead, is too striking not to be acknowledged. When the roof of the one is shattered, and the boughs of the other leafless, the comparison becomes more solemn and picturesque" (Smith 148). [Line 7]* - 'black night' is a metaphor for death itself. As 'black night' closes in around the remaining light of the day, so too does death close in around the poet. [Line 8]* - 'Death's second self' i.e. 'black night' or 'sleep'. Macbeth refers to sleep as 'The death of each day's life' (2.2.49). [Line 12]* - 'that' i.e. the poet's desires. [Line 13]* -... ...the west, After the sun sets in the west, Which by and by black night doth take away, Which is soon extinguished by black night, Death's second self, that seals up all in rest. The image of death that envelops all in rest. In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire In me you can see the glowing embers That on the ashes of his youth doth lie, That lie upon the ashes remaining from the flame of my youth, As the death-bed whereon it must expire As on a death bed where it (youth) must finally die Consumed with that which it was nourish'd by. Consumed by that which once fed it. This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong, This you sense, and it makes your love more determined To love that well which thou must leave ere long. Causing you to love that which you must give up before long.

Of Mice and Men †the American Dream Essay

The term American dream may not be used too often any more, but especially in the 1930’s it was a very motivating term for the working class. Whether their dream was to own their own company, support their family or even just own a piece of land to call their own, the thought of having a dream that they could fulfil if only they worked hard enough was keeping them moving forward. George and Lennie’s dream was the latter, they longed to own a piece of land, to have animals, and live so no one would have control over them. But throughout the course of the novel, some of their choices adjust the final outcome of their dream. By the end of Of Mice and Men Lennie and George’s dream has been altered in many ways. Although Lennie was killed in the end of the novel, a version of his dream still came true. The basis of Lennie’s dream was that he would be safe from harm and people running after him and that he would be stopped from hurting anyone accidentally. By killing Lennie, George gave him what it was he wanted, even if he didn’t realize it at the time. â€Å"Ever’body gonna be nice to you. Ain’t gonna be no more trouble. Nobody gonna hurt nobody or steal from ‘em† (Steinbeck 106). Without Lennie living, he would no longer be wanted by the people from Weed for accused rape. He would also be spared from Curley and his revengeful killing, because of the accidental killing of Curley’s wife. George knew what he had to do but he didn’t want Lennie to feel any pain in the process. â€Å"Shoot him right in the back of the head†¦he wouldn’t feel nothing† (Steinbeck 45). The way Carlson shot Candy’s old dog was the same way that George shot Lennie. Right in the back of the head he said softly† (Steinbeck 107). The method he used to end Lennie’s life was much more merciful and humane than Curley’s plan. George also wanted Lennie to be at peace, thinking about their dream, their ranch, before he died. Killing Lennie was George’s only option. If Curley had gotten to him he would have had a painful death and even in the possibility of Lennie’s escape, he would eventually be tracked down and killed or sent to an asylum because of his mental disabilities. Because of George’s death and the circumstances they put themselves in, Lennie did not get to see the day that they owned a ranch, but he did ultimately get his dream. We never find out for sure if George fulfills his dream and gets a ranch, but even thought Lennie died, he still has an opportunity to achieve this dream. Lennie is now not driving George out of his jobs and on the run. â€Å"You can’t keep a job and you lose me ever’ job I get. Jus’ keep me shovin’ all over the country all the time† (Steinbeck 11). Since George could keep a job without Lennie, he would be able to get the full stake of pay each month for his ranch and raise the money quicker. He also still has the support of Candy. â€Å"S’pose I went in with you guys. Tha’s three hundred fifty bucks I’d put in. I ain’t much good, but I could cook and tend the chickens† (Steinbeck 59). Not only could George keep a job but he could also have a much more leisurely life. â€Å"I could get along so easy and so nice if I didn’t have you on my tail. I could live so easy and maybe have a girl† (Steinbeck 7). Without having to care for Lennie, George would be able to relax and live a more normal life as a worker. Because of Lennie’s death George may even be able to get the ranch faster and by doing so still achieve a version of the American dream. The American dream is a motivation for many characters in Of Mice and Men but through a series of events, not all their dreams remain the same by the end of the novel. George and Lennie’s dream was their ambition, their reason to keep persevering. They always had it as their ideal, their goal to strive for. If they could just own a ranch they would be happy. But throughout the novel, Lennie is killed and his dream is fulfilled by not having life at all. George’s dream is now altered because Lennie would not be a part of it. Even Crooks had a dream, to go in on the ranch with George, Lennie and Candy, but because of his race, he had to realize that his dream could not be that lofty and his dream was forgotten. All during the novel, the message that is portrayed is that the American dream that is fulfilled is not the same as the dream they originally began with. Throughout the duration of Of Mice and Men, many versions of the American dream demonstrated motivational objectives for the characters. Lennie longed for peace and safety. George wished to have a leisurely life and Crooks hoped for a world where he was not discriminated against. Throughout the novel, these dreams were changed and sometimes even forgotten. Because of this, Steinbeck gives the impression that the American dream can never truly be fulfilled to the dreamer’s original standards.

Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War Essay

Some have said that the United States and Iran have been involved in a â€Å"Cold War† for three decades starting with the fall of the taking of American hostages in 1979. One could trace the problems between Iran and the United States to the installation of the Shah in the 1950s. Regardless of the origins, the fact remains that Iran and the United States consider themselves enemies. As such, it is not out of the question that a war between the United States and Iran could break out. This creates a very complex scenario because of the global economic implications of a war between Iran and the United States. Iran is, of course, a major supplier of oil to the many allies of the United States. Japan, for example, is one of the United States’ strongest allies and it receives an enormous amount of oil from Iran. Similarly, many European allies receive imports of Iranian oil. A war between Iran and the United States would have tremendous global implications. Among these many implications would be serious potential negative implications for the world’s economy. Several of these different â€Å"nightmare scenarios† will be explored in this essay. First, it is important to state there are different ways to wage war. Some methods such as supporting the overthrow of the Iranian government via supporting resistance forces might not have the impact of the global economy to the same degree as a series of surgical airstrikes or a ground invasion. In this essay, the subject of ‘war’ will be discussed in its most conventional sense. Specifically, it will be defined as a large scale, drawn out military conflict between the two nations. One of the most strategic areas the United States must consider when it comes to Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 2 the issue of a war with Iran is the fact that Iran is completely reliant on the importation of gasoline. Without shipping access, the ability for Iran to maintain its importation of gasoline would be impossible. Of course, it would be to the United States’ interest to enact a naval blockade on Iran to prevent the importation of gasoline. This would almost immediately lead to Iran further rationing its gasoline supply in order to effectively operate its military. While it would not be accurate to state that a naval blockade would immediately end the war (Iran’s navy could attack the US’ navy and potentially reverse the blockade) However, the scenario of no imports or exports would also cripple Iran’s ability to deliver oil to other nations in the world. This would then have potentially enormous economic impacts on the global markets. The notion that there would be serious economic implications resulting from a war between the United States and Iran has been weighed by many serious thinkers. â€Å"earlier in July when Iran tested missiles capable of reaching Israel and other corners of the Middle East, the price —of oil jumped to a new high of over $147 per barrel. In fact, some analysts see the impact of U. S. —Iran relations on the oil market as so important as to suggest the best way to give quick relief to energy consumers around the world is a declaration by the U. S. that military force is not an acceptable option in its dispute with Iran. † (Esfahani) This is why there is so much concern globally regarding a potential United States/Iranian conflict. At the core of mostly all basic economics is the theory of supply and demand. If Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 3 the supply of something is limited and high demand remains in place, the price of the item increases. This then creates the issue of opportunity costs. When you buy something with your money, you have eliminated the potential to use that same money for something else. In other words, if the price of gasoline skyrockets and people have to pay more for it, then they will be depleted their cash reserves or increasing their borrowing. Oil is also employed for the production of electricity which would also increase in price in the face of an oil embargo. Once again, the drain on personal finances as a result of such increased energy and fuel costs would cut into every sector of the global economy. Discretionary income would drop and leisure purchases and even the purchases of necessities would diminish rapidly. What would be the effect of this on the economies of various nations? The impact would be felt on a variety of front. The stock market, for example, would experience a great deal of negative impact as a result of such diminished spending. When people are not purchasing, the stocks of many companies may decline. After all, their profit margins could decline. Granted, there are many steps a company can take to make sure its stock price remains stable. For example, reducing the workforce or cutting spending in other areas would aid in boosting stock prices. However, if something is not done to present the lowering of stock prices, economies will take an immediate tumble. Those with investments in the market would see their net worth diminish. If one Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 4 sees a 25% decline in the value of their portfolio, they will see a 25% decline in their net worth. Again, this is how simple economics works and such an impact will assuredly be the result of a large scale (or even minor military skirmish) between Iran and the United States. There really would be no way to avoid such a chain of events from occurring if a war broke out between the Unites States and Iran. This is because there will be an enormous impact on the price and flow of oil if such a war was to break out. Such an occurrence could not be circumvented in any way. As one can infer, this ties heavily into the concept of aggregate demand which would be the definitive demand for goods and services in a particular economy at certain specific price levels. As one could logical infer, demand for high priced items in this situation of reduced consumer cash liquidity would certainly hamper purchases of high priced items or items that are not considered of vital importance to one’s sustenance. This can lead to s significant reduction in output – the total value of all services and goods produced in the economy – within a very short period of time. We will see the impact of this in the Mundell-Fleming Model (An aggregate demand model) which would detail the relationship between the inflation of prices combined with the actual output of goods and services. In the simplest of terms, high inflation combined with a slow decline in goods and services could prove cataclysmic for an economy. But, even with high inflation, it would be safe to say that the potential for the Mundell-Fleming model to maintain a high supply of goods and services is possible in the United States. The reason for this is that the various sectors of the United States Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 5 economy are so vast that there will be those able to purchase goods and services even at inflated prices. Some professions would not be as significantly impacted by high fuel or energy costs. As such, there may be a certain level of maintained stability within model even though a large section of the population may still be suffering. Issues surrounding a war with Iran are complex and far reaching. This includes the actual manner in which the war would be waged. Considering the size of the US and Iranian military, no option would be off the table in terms of how the war would be waged. Case in point, the utilization of tactical nuclear weapons by the United States may be necessitated. This is not to say that tactical nuclear missiles would be a first response or that they would be directed towards civilian targets. However, there are possibilities that could necessitate the use of such weapons by the United States. For example, Iran has tens of thousands of cruise missiles. The threat of launching thousands of these missiles into Israeli cities, European cities, or neighboring American military bases would potentially require the detonation of the missile silos with tactical nuclear arms. A wide scale Iranian invasion of neighboring countries such as Iraq could require a tactical response. Use of chemical weapons by Iran would constitute a WMD attack and lead to a nuclear response. Really, there are many different variables at work here. Again, this is not to say that a war between the United States and Iran would automatically lead to nuclear strikes. However, the potential for such strikes exist in any large scale military conflict. This would have a devastating impact on the world economy Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 6 for a number of reasons. The possibility of a nuclear strike destroying oil fields would be a potential scenario. The presence of radiation reducing the amount of work that can be performed on oil wells is another. Such scenarios are grim when discussed in an antiseptic manner. In the decades since the detonation of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima, the horror of a nuclear strike’s effects have not been dulled on the senses of people. However, the specter of the potential use of such weapons is always present. As such, the impact – both human and economic – must be weighed. Because of the potential for a tactical nuclear strike leading to arms races in the region (Other nations will want their own nukes as a deterrent to future strikes), the need for a significant conventional force is required. This means the war will have to be funded to handle a long campaign and potentially significantly longer post-war rebuilding phase. This will cost significantly in terms of government expenditures which, in turn, means the deficit will skyrocket. With very high, out of control deficits, a number of seriously negative economic situations could develop. First, a debtor nation may not be able to provide for the common good of society. As such, it must take steps to reduce the impact of the deficit. One method involves printing more money and the other process involves increasing taxes. Both methods have the potential for significant economic harm. When a nation prints more money in order to meet obligations tied to a deficit, it the value of the currency will decrease. A weakened dollar comes with many problems. Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 7 Namely, investment is seriously hampered since the dollars that you amass are worth less. Additionally, there will be a disinclination on the part of foreign investors to put their money into the US market. There would be limited value for their doing so since the dollar is declining meaning their investment capital in dollars would potentially decline as well. Debt holders of US bonds would also become more nervous since they would be losing money on their investment. As pointed out in BUSINESSWEEK, â€Å"As the currency deteriorates, it becomes more expensive to import goods and services from other countries, fueling inflation. In an effort to pull investors back, central banks often raise interest rates when their national currencies lose value. But as anyone who remembers the ’70s knows, the combination of rising interest rates and on-the-run inflation can be a devastating economic cocktail. † (Rosenbush) In some cases, foreign investment is critical for the spurning of employment and economic growth. With foreign companies opting to avoid putting their money into the United States, the unemployment could increase which further raises deficit potential. This is due to the fact that more unemployed people means less tax dollars paid to the government. Additionally, unemployment creates greater dependency on welfare which also contributes to higher deficits. All of this further sets the stage for inflation which makes goods and services less affordable to the public. This further damages the economy and adds to the deficits. Tax Economic Implications of a US-Iranian War – 8 increases are commonly pointed to as a solution, but their value is limited. When money is taken out of the private sector and placed in the treasury, it makes job creation harder. This, in turn, makes economic recover more difficult as well. If an economic recovery if difficult to expedite, then it becomes much harder to get out of it. That is because the sheer volume of economic pain induced by the many months or years of poor economic factors and growth create complexities and problems that multiply. Again, this makes reversing a poor economy more difficult. As such, some may wonder why the United States’ policy towards Iran may be so hard lined. The reason is that not treating Iran as a threat could prove equally harmful to economic and security interests. Iran’s agitation towards the United States prime allies is not helpful for US strategic security. Also, Iran’s potential domination of the other oil countries in the Middle East does not appeal to US economic interests. As such, there will be perpetual tension between the two countries. Hopefully, such tensions will not lead to war but preparedness for such actions is required. Considering the economic impact of such action, war should be the perennial last resort or option to be executed. So, far it has been averted and will hopefully remain averted for the foreseeable future. Most do not tie the economic ramifications to military action. However, the two are intertwined. Wars need to be funded and there are additional economic costs associated with military action. This is why sensible nations do not rush to war and as well they should not. But, this does not mean a nation should not prepare for the potential worst case scenario.While the US is not is a rush to engage Iran militarily, it understands the potential for such a conflict needs to be adequately prepared for. Works Cited Esfahani, e. (2008, September). The Economic consequences of us-iran relations. Retrieved from http://www. ideals. illinois. edu/bitstream/handle/2142/9093/ policy_brief. esfahani. final. pdf? sequence=2 Rosenbush, S. (2004, November 12). The Pros and cons of a weak dollar. Businessweek, Retrieved from http://www. businessweek. com/bwdaily/ dnflash/nov2004/nf20041112

Americas Youth and TOdays Violence essays

Americas Youth and TOdays Violence essays Americas Youth and Todays Violence The media believes every child is capable of what happened at Columbine. Therefore, when a person picks up a paper or turns to his or her favorite news channel, all they learn about is how schools are enforcing new rules and regulations to control violence. People hear about the media blaming everything as a part of todays violence in schools. The media blames different groups of people, as a part of todays violence in the schools. The incident at Columbine was a freak act of violence, and there are hardly any children that would have anything to do with violence of this nature. The media thinks there may be someone to blame for why kids turn to violence. They blame TV, movies, music, and even athletes. The media could blame parents. The media blames high school athletes for the violence in schools. For many youth, their role models are athletes, but for others, athletes are their worst nightmares. In my high school, athletics was everything. Many of the athletes would pick on the little guys or under class men. The athletes at my school were bullies, but to my knowledge no one wanted to come in and shoot an athlete. How many students go into schools and just start shooting and being violent. Most students of today do not promote that type of violence. In fact, many athletes of all levels inspire youth to do better in school, to work as a team, and to try harder to give their all. Some examples of professional athletes that inspire youth are Tiger Woods, Michael Jordan, Peyton Manning, and Chamique Holdsclaw. They all encourage youth to do their best. And since Athletes encourage positive actions and do not promote violence, athletes should not be the ones to blame. Athletes encourage kids to stay in school and motivate them to make good grades so that they can participate in sports. When children are participating, they stay out of trouble. Chi ...

7 things nurses should never do in front of patients

7 things nurses should never do in front of patients Nursing is a job that does not just require a good deal of medical training- it also calls for a bedside manner that will put patients’ minds at ease in the most harrowing circumstances. Good nurses know what to do and say no matter what the situation. The very best nurses also know  what they should never, ever do under any circumstances. Read on to find out what types of behavior nursing veterans know to avoid. Never lose it.Okay, you’re having a lousy day. We all have them. But you must put your own personal problems aside when dealing with people who have concerns about their health. So you must always maintain self-control and never, ever lose it when interacting with even the most obnoxious patients. Be understanding when your patients get a bit short-tempered. Be patient with them, even when you feel like your patience is at its end. Never forget that it is your job to make people feel better.Never bad mouth staff members to patients.Patients always want to fee l like they are in expert hands. Once you start bad mouthing fellow staff members to patients, those patients will start doubting the expertise of the doctors, nurses, and other health care professionals responsible for taking care of them. It is both worrying to the patient and unprofessional.Never get too personal.Revealing too much about yourself can also undermine your professionalism. That’s why it is best to save personal conversations with your coworkers for break periods. Patients have their own concerns and do not want to hear your life story. You also do not want to get into your personal political or religious beliefs, because if they clash with a patient’s, that patient may become uncomfortable or even resist your care.Never miss a break.Nursing is a stressful job. You need to take a break from it every so often to refresh yourself. Therefore, you should never miss any of the breaks you are allotted during the day. If you work through your breaks, you will tire out faster and not perform your job to the best of your abilities.Never get too specific about when you’ll return.Nurses know that a new task is always waiting for them around every corner- there’s always a patient or colleague who requires their time. However, each patient only cares about the attention you will give to her or him. So, never get too specific about when you will return to provide that care. If you say, â€Å"I’ll be back in five minutes,† your patient will really expect you to be back in five minutes on the dot and not be too understanding if you get pulled away to help someone else.Never give false hope.Saying something like â€Å"You’re going to be just fine† may seem like the right thing to do when a patient is excessively concerned, but it might not be medically accurate. Never give easy answers or false hopes when it comes to someone’s health. Leave the diagnoses to the doctors. The same thing goes for how m uch a procedure will hurt. Everyone has different pain thresholds, and telling a patient that a shot â€Å"won’t hurt a bit† might give a sensitive one false hopes.Never act surprised.No patient wants to hear a nurse say, â€Å"I’ve never seen that before!† Surprised comments like that will make patients feel as though they’re suffering from some sort of rare, incurable condition. Act like you’ve seen it all before. It will help keep a patient’s mind at ease.

Mandatory Union Recognition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Mandatory Union Recognition - Essay Example Before the ERA 1999, union membership and recognition in UK were characterised by voluntarism, in which employers and employees could bargain over the terms and conditions of employment without any legal interference. With the statutory system ushered in by the new law, voluntary recognition of unions is no longer allowed and it becomes unlawful for British employers to deny recognition to unions under any circumstances. That conveys the impression that ERA created a radical change in British industrial relations. This paper takes the contrary view, however, and proposes that while the new industrial relations law looks revolutionary in principle, there are no fundamental changes in actuality for the change to qualify as "earth-shaking" in the UK context. The trade union movement in UK used to be such a potent political force that it unseated two governments in the 1970s and may have helped brought the ruling New Labour Party into power. Nonetheless, it is believed that the movement has a soft underbelly because of the movement's vulnerability to attacks from the state and the employer sector (Howell, 2000). The reason is the state policy of voluntarism in collective bargaining negotiations, which finds expression in the Department of Trade and Industry campaign to woo other European investors into UK. In its printed brochures to attract foreign investors, the DTI states that employment regulations in UK are largely on a voluntary basis with no requirements for mandatory union agreements and fewer restrictions on both recruitment and dismissal (Machin, 2001). Thus, the state consistently denies political access to trade union, restricting their role to the industrial arena. This combines with a mindset among British employers as a cl ass to prefer individual dealings at the expense of collective relations with employees (Howell, 2000). The problem for the trade union movement in general was compounded by the workplace trends at the turn of the millennium when the nature of jobs took on a new dimension such that there are now more employees on part-time and temporary contracts, more jobs are being outsourced, tight definitions of jobs are out, and functional flexibility is in. The possible causes of the decline in unionism include the increasing use of subcontracting, automatic machines and flexible working. Other developments include the fragmentation of the workforce in most establishments, and the decline in the proportion of workers covered by established systems of consultation and negotiation. There is also the advent of American-influenced human resource management, which eschews collective representation and instead promotes individualism. This means that employers increasingly deal with employees on a mo re personal basis, thus eliminating the need for union representation and making union organising more difficult. As a result, industrial relations became more and more characterised by individualised or personalised actions instead of collective power and solidarity. In UK, the trade union movement started to feel the decline in union recognition as early as the late 1970s when Thatcher made the attack on union power the key item in her change agenda. In 2001, union coverage dropped to 47 percent from 50 percent in 1997, with the closure of unionized