Topic 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Point 3 - Essay Example God, Tao, and the light location vulnerability in the method of living and infer a feeling of goodness and respectability on the planet. This paper will think about God, Tao and the light and build up how we get to them and how the three arrangement with or address vulnerability. The book of Job looks to characterize why the exemplary endure by introducing how God offers equity if there should be an occurrence of human misery. Without a doubt, in this book, God lets Satan annihilate Job’s property and murder his youngsters just for God to reestablish Job’s assets in products. This infers a vulnerability about God, His equity, and the integrity in our method of living. The Allegory of the Cave presents the vulnerability in human existence as for training. In this unique situation, the sun goes about as the wellspring of light that infers human ability to see where the sun represents the Form of the Good. Quite, mindfulness disposes of instances of vulnerability in human life. The Tao Te Ching has 81 sections, which looks to disclose how to show goodness and uprightness in our method of facing a daily reality such that numerous individuals are vulnerability about the truth of goodness and respectability in human life. Without a doubt, even the cau se of the Tao Te Ching isn't sure. Plainly God, Tao and the light arrangement with and oblige vulnerability. From the book of Job, we can see that God is exposing Job to affliction though a few impediments. God limits Job’s adversities and Job and his companions neglect to comprehend why God is rebuffing an honorable individual like Job. They are without a doubt dubious on how God functions since they expected a fair and honest individual like Job to get the equity he merits. Preferably, God should compensate the honorable and rebuff the devilish. Occupation and his companions have confidence in this declaration and henceforth their vulnerability on how God functions drives them to pick between accusing Job or God. They nearly abandoned the conviction that God conveys equity since they would not see how a fair God could expose an honest individual to anguish. This book

Plastic Sergury Essay Example

Plastic Sergury Essay Example Plastic Sergury Essay Plastic Sergury Essay An investigation by Psychology Today magazine shows that numerous individuals are not happy with their looks: 60,000,000 don't care for their noses; 30,000,000 don't care for their jawlines; 6,000,000 don't care for their ears and another 6,000,000 don't care for their eyes. Sadly, with the assistance of corrective medical procedure, society attempts to meet the ideal self-perception. Be that as it may, is it the widespread cure? Positively not. In any case, anyway little the activity may be, there is consistently an opportunity something turns out badly. The numbers are extremely disturbing: in 20% of careful tasks, the patient needs to recuperate from the harm experienced. Albeit genuine dangers, for example, visual impairment and substantial lung issues are fairly uncommon, less genuine ones ought not be ignored: interminable agony, hypersensitive response, postponed or delayed mending, For any situation, corrective medical procedure is a long way from torment free. What's more, in addition, a somewhat huge number of medical procedures have just fizzled. In other words: the ‘miracle specialist made numerous individuals pass on account of activities that were a long way from required. Take the 36-year old housewife, Lorraine Batt, for example. Because of a medical procedure which was endeavor to expel a scar brought about by a cesarean segment, she went to a less than ideal demise. Such lamentable occasions are a solid admonition that our general public must be less appearance-centered. What's more, impacts of medical procedure won't last. The restorative medical procedure may make you more youthful for a couple of years, however life goes on and the wrinkles return. It is as unnatural to attempt to have everlasting youth, for what it's worth to contradict the maturing procedure. Also, silicone inserts must be supplanted inside fifteen years. However the way this infers another medical procedure is frequently overlooked. A shared conviction to experience this technique is to make oneself increasingly sure, agreeable and more grounded than others. There are, in any case, expenses to such alterations. The idea that a huge number of pounds are spent on restorative medical procedure, while a great many individuals in creating nations need that cash, is offensive. Is it inconceivable in our cutting edge world to understand this ‘technical development is in truth another case of our western childishness and self esteem? Besides, is it option to change the body you are given and change it into ‘something you are most certainly not? Everyone is interesting and that is the thing that makes life so exceptional. The outside appearance is simply the portrayal of the inward. Consequently, definitely overhauling your looks causes unusual impacts, which was, for instance, the case with Michael Jackson. On the off chance that your character is inadequate with regards to, your appearance will endure as well. Thus, corrective medical procedure doesn't make you an alternate individual. As great as this bit of present day clinical innovation may sound, restorative medical procedure isn't too favorable and in above all else cases, it isn't required. There is no reason for changing a solid body. That is the reason the possibility of the ideal self-perception must be overlooked, and it must be perceived that everybody is an extraordinary individual. nd May 2008 julielai: I propose taking out the fourth section all together. Be that as it may, ensure your exposition is long enough for your task. Maybe expounding more on the passings? Corrective medical procedure: a marvel specialist? An examination by Psychology Today magazine shows that numerous individuals are no t happy with their looks: 60,000,000 don't care for their noses; 30,000,000 don't care for their jawlines; 6,000,000 don't care for their ears and another 6,000,000 don't care for their eyes. Shockingly, with the assistance of corrective surgery,â society triesâ (people, not society? to meet the ideal self-perception. Be that as it may, is it the widespread cure? Unquestionably not. In any case, anyway little the activity may be, there is consistently an opportunity something turns out badly. The numbers are exceptionally disturbing: in 20% of careful tasks, the patient needs to recuperate from the harm experienced. (This sort of repudiates the passings you notice later): Typical symptoms includeâ chronic torment, unfavorably susceptible response, postponed or delayed healing,â not to make reference to the agony the patient will feel after the activity. However, the genuine hazard lies in the possiblitity that the medical procedure may fall flat. In other words: the ‘miracle laborer made numerous individuals kick the bucket in light of activities that were a long way from required. Take the 36-year old housewife, Lorraine Batt, for example. Because of a surgeryâ â to evacuate a scar brought about by a cesarean segment, she went to a less than ideal demise. Such heartbreaking occasions are a solid admonition that our general public must be less appearance-centered. Moreover, impacts of medical procedure won't last. The corrective medical procedure may make you more youthful for a couple of years, however life goes on and the wrinkles return. It is as unnatural to attempt to have interminable youth, all things considered to contradict the maturing procedure. In addition, silicone inserts must be supplanted inside fifteen years. However the way this infers another medical procedure is regularly overlooked. Besides, is it option to change the body you are given and change it into ‘something you are definitely not? Everyone is one of a kind and that is the thing that makes life so exceptional. The outside appearance is simply the portrayal of the inward. In this way, radically upgrading your looks causes peculiar impacts, which wasâ the case with Michael Jackson. On the off chance that your character is inadequate with regards to, your appearance will endure as well. Therefore, restorative medical procedure doesn't make you an alternate individual. As superb as this bit of current clinical innovation may sound, restorative medical procedure isn't too profitable and in above all cases, it isn't required. There is no reason for changing a solid body. That is the reason the possibility of the ideal self-perception must be overlooked, and it must be perceived that everybody is a unique person.

Is social media ruining our lives? Do you think social networking sites like Face book have an over all negative effect on society ? Essay

The Negative Effects of Social Media and Technology Why such huge numbers of individuals can't live without their telephone refreshing their face book? In this age individuals are so dependent on face book. When they hit the sack they can't help themselves checking different people’s status and refreshing their own life. As indicated by About.com Web tends, â€Å"Social media is type of electronic correspondence through which clients make online networks to share data, thoughts, and individual messages. Face book is a famous free informal communication site that permits enlisted clients to make profiles, transfer photographs and recordings, and stay in contact with companions, family and partners. It started as a school organizing site and has extended to incorporate anybody and everyone.† Social media has become some portion of our day by day lives. We are sharing data, thoughts, and having the option to remark on each one photographs and recordings. Be that as it may, online networking has a negative impact in our live s and society. Long range informal communication destinations like Face book, My Space, Instagram, and Twitter have a general negative impact on society. Face book help to keep us associated with our family, companions and friends and family. In any case, individuals share an excess of data which can prompt negative dangers. Face book has become a major interruption of our general public. Internet based life likewise permits contact with individuals around the globe. It is really wellspring of simple correspondence; it is likewise normal way that individuals communicate. It can keep you up to refresh on the happenings of all our friends and family. Be that as it may, it negatively affects society. Web-based social networking has become a major disintegration of society. For example, Face book. In the event that we made ourselves totally presented to the world, another negative impact on systems administration locales we shares an excessive amount of data on face book and it lead us to physical threat. Digital tormenting has become a genuine danger; particularly to adolescents it drives them to suicides. Face book has immediately gotte n one of the most well known long range interpersonal communication sites on the web. When you have pursued Face book account, you have made yourself totally presented to the world. At the point when you put all your own private data on face book many individuals can see your own data. For example, on the off chance that somebody needs to discover anything about you, they will have the option to discover you on face book. The individuals with who you haven’t conversed with in quite a while for example, your old cohorts, or old companions. The negative impact onâ social media locales is consider the possibility that you were escaping somebody, somebody you don’t need to converse with on the grounds that you owed them some cash or they were pestering you, they would have the option to discover you reasonably without any problem. The awful thing about face book is you can't avoid somebody except if you deactivate your record. The beneficial activity on face book is simply keep our data hidden, so the individuals who are attempting to discover you on face book can't do anything. Face book clients shares an excessive amount of data which can lead them a negative dangers. They are over sharing of subtleties in their regular daily existences. For instance, when somebody posts photographs or recordings on face book and Twitter, it gets viral. Regardless of whether the client erases the video from his/her record, somebody may have updated it and afterward as often as possible in onto different destinations. As indicated by We Shall Over offer Mary Katherine, â€Å"There are thousands over sharing on the web as I compose, following through on the cost with a lessening of their poise, so you don’t need to. It’s astonishing how sensibly you act when everybody you know (and numerous you don’t) is viewing you.† Mary Katherine Ham additionally stated, â€Å"It caused to delineate the threats of carrying on with an actual existence on the web. As a great many us have taken to Face book, MySpace, and Twitter to interface with companions, share stories, and post pictures at a briskness and complete up until now obscure, we’ve likewise exponentially duplicated approaches to embarrass ourselves. [The week by week Standard, June 8, 2009]. I figure individuals ought to have moral duty on the grounds that once you state or post something on Face book, you don’t get it back. Reliably, we are over sharing on long range informal communication locales for example, our photographs and recordings. Since we are so eager to tell individuals, what’s going on in our lives? Be that as it may, we don’t know the threat on long range interpersonal communication destinations it becomes famous online. At long last, we censured others for our reckless activities. While tormenting has consistently been an issue of society, it appears that in our cutting edge society become basic through online media like Face book. It h appens to all the kids and young people. In â€Å"Colleen’s Weekly Blog,† John Halligan father of Ryan’s spoke, â€Å"His child was harassed so severely that he ended it all at the period of thirteen.(cooleencorrigan.blogs.com)This new type of digital tormenting has been progressively well known in center school and secondary schools. Digital harassing lead them to self destruction as a result of individuals harms others. There are additionally a limited quantity of guardians that have face book records and stay aware of their youngsters. When we are totally presented to the online networking like face bookâ and Twitter, we ought to have more duties regarding our activities. Systems administration locales resembles inexpensive food, it goes so quick. It will lead us to negative impact on our lives. Internet based life has become a significant piece of our general public. It interfaces us to speak with our loved ones who lived on other city or other nation. Face book, MySpace, Instagram and Twitter. In any case, it has a great deal of adverse impact on our If we post something on face book or other internet based life we should moral duty regarding our activities society. Individuals are so dependent via web-based networking media like face book. Web based life has been enormous disintegration for us. Continually we overlook that we have something to do in our every day lives. An excessive amount of d ata on face book can lead us negative impact on our lives. It likewise prompts self destruction due to digital harassing. In this age innovation has gotten renowned, individuals become dependent via web-based networking media. On the off chance that we post something on face book or other online life we should moral duty regarding our activities. Online correspondence every now and again replaces reality. They become subject to the innovation and overlook how to associate in up close and personal. Some time ago PC didn't exist; they just utilized phone to speak with others. Individuals used to carry on with a basic life and possessed more energy for their loved ones. What befell our age at the present time? For what reason is our general public, particularly the youthful ages, are so dependent on new innovation? They can't leave without their telephone; they can't rest without checking their face book. Imagine a scenario where innovation didn't exist. It is safe to say that we will be increasingly centered around our regular day to day existences? It is safe to say that we will have a straightforward existence without relying upon our innovation?

Body Ritual among the Nacirema

The ideas of culture, social relativism, ethnocentrism, and subjective research system are fundamental segments in the investigation of human science. Culture is commonly the lifestyle of any social gathering. This sociological viewpoint addresses the manners in which social gatherings think, ways they act and parameters that shapes their lifestyles. As per Edward B. Tylor, culture involves ethics, customs, convictions, information, images, and different propensities that one can get as an individual from a given society.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Body Ritual among the Nacirema explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cultural relativism as an idea accepts that the social acts of an individual are comparative with his/her own social association. Anthropologists accept that no social practice is better than the different according to its own condition. So far as that is concerned, no ethical conviction is viewed as off-base or right and doesn't supplant some other conviction of an alternate social gathering. Then again, ethnocentrism is a sociological idea where an individual perspectives the whole world regarding his/her social gathering. Here, one accepts that his/her ethnic gathering is a higher priority than other social gatherings on the planet and estimation of one’s culture is done comparative with his/her own ethnic gathering. In conclusion, subjective research procedure is a field inquire about strategy that targets drawing out the comprehension of ideas of public activity. The entire idea attempts to respond to inquiries of ‘why’, ‘how’ and ‘what’ of any viewpoint. For example, the exploration by Professor Linton is subjective in the viewpoint that it attempts to uncover the social practices and conviction arrangement of the Nacirema individuals. This article investigates the ideas of culture, social relativism, ethnocentrism, and subjective research approach from a s ociological perspective in light to the body ceremonies among the Nacirema. Also, the paper will concentrate on the subjective research approach as utilized by Professor Linton in gaining the convictions and practices of the Nacirema individuals. Horace Miner’s article, â€Å"Body Ritual among the Nacirema†, uncovers the customs, propensities and convictions of the individuals of Nacirema. It unveils the entire educational experience of man in that society. They accepted that Notgnihsaw established the country. Prominently, they rehearsed the way of life of monetary interests and for the most part utilized the produces in ceremonial exercises. The ceremonial exercises fixated on the human body that they accepted was appalling henceforth people were to forestall the highlights through the impact of ceremonies and function. Nacirema gave holy places to aid this procedure. So huge was the hallowed places that all families had to claim a couple in their homes. On the shrin e’s divider, Nacirema manufactured a crate where they kept charms that secured their lives. Nacirema had medication men that were incredibly amazing thus profoundly regarded. The medication men were given broad presents for recommending remedial elixirs to wiped out individuals. Prominently, even the poor needed to offer blessings to the well off medication men since the network accepted and regarded their way of life. Sociologically, they contended that such activities were correct and all individuals from the general public needed to cling to them independent of their financial status.Advertising Looking for article on sociologies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nacirema accepted that pre-owned charms were not to be arranged, however must be set in the appeal box. These mystical mixtures could overflow to the floor. Every relative needed to go into the place of worship room, bow his/her head before the appeal box and continue to blend various types of heavenly water to perform ceremonies of bathing. The ministers had the job of filtering the water. Plainly, individuals from the Nacirema people group rehearsed these ceremonies since they accepted that their way of life was the best in the entire world. At that point there was the â€Å"holy-mouth men† who were second in order to the medication men. These individuals were leading mouth pathology in a frightened manner. For example, they utilized nudges and drills to gouge out a client’s teeth so as to make an opening for embeddings mystical materials. The reason for this movement was to capture teeth rot, assemble solid relationship with companions and sweethearts, and improve moral fiber among kids. A heavenly mouth man pokes a drawbore into the nerves of the jawbone. Despite the fact that this training was incredibly rough, coldblooded and didn't meet its goal of forestalling teeth rot, people kept on searching out the exercises o f a sacred mouth man in any event once in a year. There is likewise the private mouth custom where mystical powders and packages of brown haze hairs are embedded into the mouth. With regards to social relativism, there is no judgment that the way of life of the Nacirema was terrible since they kept on rehearsing it in the midst of the horrendous experiences all the while. The entire procedure delivers torment into the jawbones and can't be approved in the current society. For instance, some African people group that rehearses female circumcision have gone under weight from the universal network and neighborhood governments to stop the procedure. Moreover, there is where medication men perform functions like treating the wiped out. As per Professor Linton, the service is constantly unforgiving with the end goal that infrequently do amazingly wiped out patients come out alive. Notwithstanding, wiped out grown-ups keep on experiencing the extended custom refinement. Tragically, sanctua ry gatekeepers can't concede a customer before giving a rich blessing regardless of the degree of sickness. Out properly, these demonstrations show absence of virtues for the debilitated individuals. They contrast properties with life of individuals. This social practice is very exploitative. Particularly, the debilitated were peeled off the entirety of their garments and compelled to perform characteristic capacities into a sacrosanct vessel. The medication men could control, examine, and nudge stripped assemblages of wiped out females. By and by, they kept on rehearsing it so as to improve cultural solidarity and even accepted that it was better than different societies on the planet. The cultural individuals were ethnocentric, as they didn't dismiss endeavors by ladies to strip them exposed and permit medication men to control their bodies. Nacirema likewise accepted that moms could put reviles on their kids and no one but ‘listeners’ could lead ceremonies to exorciz e the devils.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Body Ritual among the Nacirema explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, ladies with huge bosoms could move from town to town to bring in cash by permitting locals to see them. The way of life of the Nacirema uncovers the ethnocentric idea of the network. They had persisted the unforgiving, agonizing, and rough practices with the point of satisfying their cultural requests. In their unique circumstance, these practices were not named abhorrent since truth is rarely objective. The exploration system that Professor Linton used to gather the social acts of the Nacirema is subjective offered that it attempted to response inquiries on why and how the network carried on the manner in which they did. It unveiled the Nacirema’s conviction frameworks, encounters, and viewpoints from the recorded perspective. The entire idea helped anthropologists to see how and why the Nacirema were carrying on the way, they did. For example, the examination uncovered why the Nacirema gave due consideration to ceremonial exercises but the products of their financial commitment. Generally, people group hold their societies independent of the results that they experience because of the ethnocentric nature and social relativism in the whole world. This exposition on Body Ritual among the Nacirema was composed and presented by client Adriana Suarez to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

1984 by George Orwell. Term Paper

1984 by George Orwell. Research project 1984 by George Orwell. Research project 1984 was composed by celebrated author George Orwell and distributed in 1949. This specific bit of writing happens in the nation of Oceania which is an authoritarian culture under the â€Å"watch† of Big Brother. The residents of Oceania are viewed at each and every time and Winston (the principle character) is against the mistreatment and control. He wishes to revolt by joining the Brotherhood and topple the legislature and in this excursion, he meets a wonderful lady by the name of Julia, who loathes The Party the same amount of as he does and soon, they start a mystery sexual undertaking (which thought about fragile wrongdoing). Julia and Winston meet a man named O’Brien whom they accept is a piece of the Brotherhood however is actually part of the inward party. O’Brien â€Å"introduces† Winston into the Brotherhood which is actually a snare that was gotten ready for years. He and Julia are sent to the feared Ministry of Love. Winston and Julia are torm ented and what they once had confidence in is abruptly tried, the distinction they once had is removed. He can delineate a general public where one acquires no self-rule and joined the subject that a sound and practical government comprises of physical and mental autonomy. Orwell is known for composing books about social equity and restriction against autocracy. Another of his famous pieces was Animal Farm which embodied a horse shelter of animals dependent on Stalin’s treachery of the Russian Revolution. There is an unmistakable example in his books. His type of writing originated from his past encounters. He was the child of a British provincial government employee. Growing up he took an interest in the Indian Imperial Police, in both the rebel party in the 1920’s and communist gathering in the 1930’s. By 1936 Orwell had made a trip to Spain to battle for the Republicans against France’s Nationalists. He fled dreading for his life when the Soviet Union supported by socialists stifled progressive communists. As a peruser you can completely discover the association between his composition and his life. He was presented to a few acclaimed social issues and in distributing books like 1984 and Animal Farm, it was a route for hi m to apply his experience and musings about the occasions into true to life stories hinting his opinion of the issue or the future would resemble. Orwell’s epic 1984 is described by primary character Winston Smith. There were numerous thoughts all through the book however it fundamentally portrayed what a legislature with an excessive amount of intensity can do to a general public. Through Winston we plainly observed that â€Å"a government with an excessive amount of power is hazardous and won't work appropriately for the residents in the event that they don't get physical and mental independence.† The legislature controlled and persecuted people’s lives, choices and even contemplations. In Oceania Big Brother was the leader of The Party. The populace was continually reminded â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU.† This filled in as an obstruction for Winston alongside the others to not do, think, or state what they accepted. There was no place, where you were sheltered and liberated from the administration. Indeed, the administration was incredible to the point that they had control of even the past. W inston worked in the Ministry of Truth where he got rid of archives of the past or adjusted them into something The Party needed it to be, â€Å"[his] work was to correct the first figures by causing them to concur with later ones.† â€Å"Lies turned into the truth†¦ only once in his life he possessed†¦evidence of a demonstration of falsification.† In resistance to the Party, Winston feels as though he acquires the ability to uncover reality. Government mistreatment makes him keep on getting rid of the past subsequently, indicating us the disappointment he would feel. Having the real truth fit to be uncovered at this point totally shut somewhere around simply the idea of being directed constantly and dread of his life. Everybody in Oceania was totally conditioned and having no physical documentation of the past was certainly not accommodating. â€Å"For how might you build up even

The First Ending

The First Ending So here we are. Im sitting in the AeroAstro Gelb Lab, procrastinating on pre-summer Design/Build/Fly lab cleanup by writing this blog post. In about a week, Ill be home in California againin three, Ill be working an internship in Seattle. It hasnt exactly settled in yet that I just walked out of my last freshman year class and that a full quarter of my total time in college is coming to an end. I suppose this is supposed to be one of those posts where I talk about how much Ive grown over the past year, share all the lessons I learned the hard way, celebrate the new friends I made, and end with some sage advice that I would give myself as a prefrosh, wishing all you younger-uns best of luck for whats to come. I dont think this is going to be one of those posts. I dont know that Ive grown so much this year,  although I have changed. Ive sure learned a lot of lessons and made a lot of friends, but Ive made mistakes and grown away from old friends as well. And Im not really sure what Id tell younger prefrosh-me if I had the chance to. Maybe that the bathrooms in Building 35 are the cleanest, and that the omelette line at breakfast is always longer than you think it is. Far and above it all its become very clear that there are many things I dont know or understandthings about airplanes and computers, things about the world, things about people and relationships, things about myself even. Heres something that Ian Condry, my CMS.100 media studies professor, said often: Social science isnt rocket scienceits harder. And in many respects that sentiment embodies my feelings toward college. As many resources as MIT has, as many world-class laboratories and research opportunities there are here, its the people that make the experiences, out of which comes the growth and learning and maturation. You only need to sit in a poetry class, people-watch at a few parties, or heck, stay up a few late nights talking in the dark with new friends, to realize that people are, well, complicated. Were a pretty different lot with whole libraries of crazy stories, we all tend to see the world from different perspectives, and a lot of times the words we use dont mean quite the same things to us as they do to our friends. And here we are, wading our way through the universe together, bouncing off one another, sometimes with open arms and sometimes with fists. We sing. We study. We fill whitebo ards. We cry. We dance. me and my roommates whiteboard And we do it damn well, too. Turns out when you put a lot of different people from different places together, beautiful and amazing things come out of it. I spent all semester with the Design/Build/Fly team making a gorgeous flying  Corn Dog, and concurrently spent that time with my team in 16.00 (Introduction to Aerospace Engineering) building a blimp named War Horse. Last weekend, my a cappella group went to see the Dance Troupe  spring showcase. Afterwards, I went with a subset of that group to see  Playwrights in Performance, a showcase of four student-written, student-produced one-act plays about everything from love and maturity in the millenial generation to social Darwinism and international politics. On Monday, I picked up a copy of the Rune, MITs art and literary journal, and tomorrow night Ill be taking photographs for Technique  at the Logarhythms spring concert.     From the Dance Troupe showcase, Snapchats and Tattoos Along the way, we make friends. But part of that also means saying goodbyes. My a cappella group, the MIT-Wellesley Toons, just bid a very sentimental farewell to our five graduating seniors (this is in a 17-person a cappella group, mind you) at our last concert. Its tough, making new friends and only having the fortune to know them for a yearor two years, or threebefore they dive into a bigger ocean. And it forcibly reminds us that were all eventually headed to that strange and scary fantasyland called Real Life. Perhaps thats how life will always seemstrange and scary, full of uncertainties. Entering college sure felt like that. But if this year is any indicator, the strange and scary isnt usually so scary after all, and its not such a lonely place either. Heres to three more years. Allan

Humankind’s Drive to Find Meaning Dostoevsky, Camus, and Woody Allen - Literature Essay Samples

In absurdist fiction, authors and writers focus on characters who investigate the meaning of human existence in order to call into question existential notions. Some writers may utilize character’s confrontation with absurdism to either reject or honor existentialism, whereas others may use it to prove a sense of comfort or anxiety in the irrational nature of existence. In Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Stranger by Albert Camus, and Crimes and Misdemeanors by director Woody Allen, human behavior under absurd circumstances is highlighted. The characters of these prominent absurdist fictions struggle to find inherent meaning in human existence. Although the protagonists confront the absurdity of the world in similar ways, their individual battles with existentialism illuminate human’s utmost motivation to find meaning in existence. In Crime and Punishment, Dostoevsky uses Raskolnikov’s wavering qualities of good and evil and identification as the â€Å"ubermensch† to demonstrate his desire to find meaning for himself. In the beginning of the novel, Raskolnikov commits acts of kindness, however begins to question his actions. For instance, he leaves Marmeladov’s family money after seeing the misery contaminating their household, however, suddenly regrets doing so: â€Å"‘What a stupid thing to have done,’ he thought. ‘They have their Sonya, and I need it myself,’† (Dostoevsky 27). Raskolnikov’s quick reproach to his good actions illuminates his motivation to find meaning since he cannot grasp the importance of being kind. It additionally foreshadows his ideas about justice. After overhearing a student and officer discuss killing Alyona, Raskolnikov begins to find meaning: â€Å"‘For one life, thousands of lives saved from decay and corruption. O ne death for hundreds of lives it’s simple arithmetic!’† (Dostoevsky 65). This conversation sparks a realization for Raskolnikov: the world is filled with injustice, and therefore, to create meaning and order, one must eliminate the injustice. This new conceptual remedy to make sense of the unknown becomes a reality and Raskolnikov not only murders Alyona, but also her sister, Lizaveta. Additionally, this act manifests into a lifestyle for Raskolnikov; he begins to place himself on a pedestal, calling himself the â€Å"ubermensch.† This identification as the â€Å"superman† provides Raskolnikov with a new understanding of existence, however this title only proves to isolate him even more and illuminates the falsity of his newfound meaning. Raskolnikov’s initial confrontation with absurdity portrays humankinds need for a sense of meaning. Raskolnikov struggles to find his essence once committing the crime, however, he eventually rejects his former ideas about existence and surrenders to love. Throughout the novel, he is constantly stricken with isolation marked by his confrontation with absurdity. For instance, by placing himself above most people and labeling himself as the â€Å"ubermensch,† he has become divided from the people around him like Dunya and Sonya. This isolation is apparent through Dostoevsky’s use of symbolism; Raskolnikov’s tight, confined room represents his separation from the world, and the dark, grim imagery offers an ominous tone which reveals the internal struggles humans face while conquering absurdity. By the end of the novel, Raskolnikov begins to surrender to love and God, ultimately abandoning his former ideas about existence and justice: â€Å"Infinite happiness lit up in her eyes; she understood, and for her there was no longer any doubt that he loved her, loved her infinitely, and that at last the moment had come†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Dostoevsky 549). â€Å"‘Can her convictions not be my convictions now? Her feelings, her aspirations, at least..,’† (Dostoevsky 550). Both Sonya and Raskolnikov realize that he finally loves her and once he takes out his copy of the New Testament, he recognizes that with the power of God and love, Sonya and he are connected. Raskolnikov has finally stripped himself from his former isolation and has become spiritually regenerated. Through Raskolnikov’s rejection of his prior discovery of existence, Dostoevsky has highlighted that humans must confront absurdity in order to find salvation, and this confrontation is inevitable. In The Stranger, Meursault attempts to find meaning in the absurd and eventually begins to accept the meaningless quality of existence. Meursault, a very passive and indifferent man, murders an Arab and is put on trial for his crime. However, there is no explanation for his action. In fact, in court his only justification for the murder is the scorching sun: â€Å"Fumbling a little with my words and realizing how ridiculous I sounded, I blurted out that it was because of the sun,† (Camus 103). Like human existence, the murder has no rationality. Nonetheless, the prosecutor begins to create rationality and explain the murder, concluding that Meursault lacks normal human empathy, given his absence of emotion from his mother’s death, and makes him out to be a monster. Likewise, Meursault has an ultimate desire to explain his actions, yet, he starts to realize that there is no explanation. Through Meursault’s interaction with the Chaplain, his understanding of existe nce becomes apparent: â€Å"What would it matter if he were accused of murder and then executed because he didn’t cry at his mother’s funeral? Salamano’s dog was worth just as much as his wife,† (Camus 121). Meursault illustrates the equality all beings face given the inevitability of death by equating Salamano’s dog to the Chaplain’s wife. This depressing realization of humankind’s absurdity, however, allows Meursault to reach a state of happiness: â€Å"I opened myself to the gentle indifference of the world. Finding it so much life myself – so like a brother, really – I felt that I had been happy and that I was happy again,† (Camus 123). Meursault has finally accepted the absurdity of existence and is at peace. In fact, he has freed himself from the constant false hope of finding meaning in the absurd. Camus concludes that although humans are constantly driven to find meaning, it is important to accept the irra tionality of existence. In Woody Allen’s Crimes and Misdemeanors, Judah, like Meursault, struggles to find meaning in existence, yet, eventually accepts the absurdity of the world and rejects religion. Judah seems to have a successful and happy life, however, his affair with Dolores begins to hinder his perfect lifestyle: she wants their relationship to be public, threatening to release his financial interactions to his family. With the help of his brother, Jack, Judah decides to hire a hitman to murder Dolores and free him from his suffering. After she is killed, Judah is struck with an overwhelming sense of remorse and he begins to question whether good and evil truly do matter. For instance, he has flashbacks from his childhood and remembers his father’s beliefs about ethics: â€Å"If necessary I will always choose God over truth,† (Allen). Judah’s father essentially believes that a person should lead a morally good life in a world devoid of meaning, ultimately choosing God. J udah becomes very confused about existence given these flashbacks, however eventually chooses truth unlike his father. Since he rejects a higher power, he realizes that people can do anything in their power to maintain happiness. Therefore, Judah accepts the absurdity of the world and is eventually at peace, similar to Meursault. Allen’s analysis of existential philosophies through Judah’s revelation illuminates humankind’s motivation to confront absurdity. Human existence lacks a sense of rationality and order and therefore, humans will inevitably strive to find meaning. This existential philosophy is demonstrated in Crime and Punishment, The Stranger, and Crimes and Misdemeanors. The protagonists of these stories struggle to find meaning and eventually confront the absurdity of the world. Their individual yet comparable attempts to unveil the truth behind existence highlight humanity’s futile and endless search for meaning.

Battle of Stoney Creek in the War of 1812

The Battle of Stoney Creek was fought June 6, 1813, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). Having conducted a successful amphibious landing on the Lake Ontario side of the Niagara Peninsula in late May, American forces succeeded in capturing Fort George. Slowly pushing west after the retreating British, U.S. troops encamped on the night of June 5-6, 1813. Seeking to regain the initiative, the British launched a night attack that resulted in the enemy retreating and the capture of two American commanders. The victory led Major General Henry Dearborn to consolidate his army around Fort George and largely ended the American threat on the peninsula. Background On May 27, 1813, American forces succeeded in capturing Fort George on the Niagara frontier. Having been defeated, the British commander, Brigadier General John Vincent, abandoned his posts along the Niagara River and withdrew west to Burlington Heights with around 1,600 men. As the British retreated, the American commander, Major General Henry Dearborn, consolidated his position around Fort George. A veteran of the American Revolution, Dearborn had become an inactive and ineffective commander in his old age. Ill, Dearborn was slow to pursue Vincent. Finally organizing his forces to chase Vincent, Dearborn delegated the task to Brigadier General William H. Winder, a political appointee from Maryland. Moving west with his brigade, Winder halted at Forty Mile Creek as he believed the British force was too strong to attack. Here was joined by an additional brigade commanded by Brigadier General John Chandler. Senior, Chandler assumed overall command of the American force which now numbered around 3,400 men. Pushing on, they reached Stoney Creek on June 5 and encamped. The two generals established their headquarters at the Gage Farm. Scouting the Americans Seeking information on the approaching American force, Vincent dispatched his deputy assistant adjutant general, Lieutenant Colonel John Harvey, to scout the camp at Stoney Creek. Returning from this mission, Harvey reported that the American camp was poorly guarded and that Chandlers men were badly positioned to support each other. As a result of this information, Vincent decided to move forward with a night attack against the American position at Stoney Creek. To execute the mission, Vincent formed a force of 700 men. Though he traveled with the column, Vincent delegated operational control to Harvey. Battle of Stoney Creek Conflict: War of 1812Date: June 6, 1813Armies Commanders:AmericansBrigadier General William H. WinderBrigadier General John Chandler1,328 men (engaged)BritishBrigadier General John VincentLieutenant Colonel John Harvey700 menCasualties:Americans: 17 killed, 38 wounded, 100 missingBritish: 23 killed, 136 wounded, 52 captured, 3 missing The British Move Departing Burlington Heights around 11:30 p.m. on June 5, the British force marched east through the darkness. In an effort to maintain the element of surprise, Harvey ordered his men to remove the flints from their muskets. Approaching the American outposts, the British had the advantage of knowing the American password for the day. Stories regarding how this was obtained vary from Harvey learning it to it being passed on the British by a local. In either case, the British succeeded in eliminating the first American outpost they encountered. Advancing, they approached the former camp of the U.S. 25th Infantry. Earlier in the day, the regiment had moved after deciding that the site was too exposed to attack. As a result, only its cooks remained at the campfires making meals for the following day. Around 2:00 a.m., the British were discovered as some of Major John Nortons Native American warriors attacked an American outpost and noise discipline was broken. As the American troops rushed to battle, Harveys men re-inserted their flints as the element of surprise had been lost. Battle of Stoney Creek, June 6, 1813. Public Domain Fighting in the Night Situated on high ground with their artillery on Smiths Knoll, the Americans were in a strong position once they had regained their poise from the initial surprise. Maintaining a steady fire, they inflicted heavy losses on the British and turned back several attacks. Despite this success, the situation began to quickly deteriorate as the darkness caused confusion on the battlefield. Learning of a threat to the American left, Winder ordered the U.S. 5th Infantry to that area. In doing so, he left the American artillery unsupported. As Winder was making this error, Chandler rode to investigate firing on the right. Riding through the darkness, he was temporarily removed from the battle when his horse fell (or was shot). Hitting the ground, he was knocked out for some time. Seeking to regain the momentum, Major Charles Plenderleath of the British 49th Regiment gathered 20-30 men for an attack on the American artillery. Charging up Gages Lane, they succeeded in overwhelming Captain Nathaniel Towsons artillerymen and turning the four guns on their former owners. Returning to his senses, Chandler heard fighting around the guns. Unaware of their capture, he approached the position and was quickly taken prisoner. A similar fate befell Winder a short time later. With both generals in enemy hands, command of the American forces fell to cavalryman Colonel James Burn. Seeking to turn the tide, he led his men forward but due to the darkness mistakenly attacked the U.S. 16th Infantry. After forty-five minutes of confused fighting, and believing the British to have more men, the Americans withdrew east. Aftermath Concerned that the Americans would learn the small size of his force, Harvey retreated west into the woods at dawn after carrying off two of the captured guns. The next morning, they watched as Burns men returned to their former camp. Burning excess provisions and equipment, the Americans then retreated to Forty Mile Creek. British losses in the fighting numbered 23 killed, 136 wounded, 52 captured, and three missing. American casualties numbered 17 killed, 38 wounded, and 100 captured, including both Winder and Chandler. Retreating to Forty Mile Creek, Burn encountered reinforcements from Fort George under Major General Morgan Lewis. Bombarded by British warships in Lake Ontario, Lewis became concerned about his supply lines and began retreating towards Fort George. Having been shaken by the defeat, Dearborn lost his nerve and consolidated his army into a tight perimeter around the fort. The situation worsened on June 24 when an American force was captured at the Battle of Beaver Dams. Angered by Dearborns repeated failures, Secretary of War John Armstrong removed him on July 6 and dispatched Major General James Wilkinson to take command. Winder would later be exchanged and commanded American troops at the Battle of Bladensburg in 1814. His defeat there allowed British troops to capture and burn Washington, DC.

Globalization And Its Impact On Country - 1578 Words

Globalization is the process in which people, companies and governments from different nations globalize their trade or business at international level. Globalization is not a new process, In past years people used to imports and exports of things at a long distance from their hometown to another place but nowadays globalization is very powerful and have a new face and it has been spread all over the world. Globalization is a good way to connect countries, people and do trade on a large scale and very easily. In spite of this, globalization is not only related to trade or something like business it is also making a great impact on country s overall development either that country is developing or developed. A country s economy, society and technology nowadays are affected by the globalization. Globalization is such a good way to make a country stronger on the base of economy because with the help of it a country s economy would be strong and it also make a impact on the social point of view such as on cultural and traditional values of country. It also benefits a country to be get more technological development. Nowadays, the economy of any country is totally related to the globalization because imports and exports are related to globalization so it is directly in contact with the economy of a nation. Economy of any country should be in positive term either that country is developed or developing. Globalization helps a developing country to become a developed nationShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And Its Impact On Developing Countries872 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization can be defined as an intensive form of worldwide interconnectedness that facilitates the flow of capital, humans, commodities, technology, information, symbols and values due to the advancement worldwide systems of transport and communication. Globalization has created new opportunities for developing countries such as, technology, greater opportunities to access markets, increase in growth and improved living standards. Despite the fact that it has been beneficial for the world economyRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On D eveloping Countries2029 Words   |  9 PagesGlobalization has played a key role in our world and continues to be an integral and inescapable part of the lives of every single individual today. In this paper, I argue that globalization has had a negative impact on developing countries, specifically increasing poverty as well as negatively affecting employment, safety of women, gender inequality and wage-gaps. First we must define important terms such as globalization and developing countries. Globalization refers to the interaction among internationalRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Developing Countries2425 Words   |  10 PagesGlobalization is a difficult word to define, simply because it means many different things to many different people. In general, however, globalization refers to the fact that world economies and cultures have become increasingly integrated over the past two or three decades. More specifically, the world has seen a significant increase in the flow o f goods through international trade, access to foreign financial capital, movement of human capital across borders, and the transfer of technology, informationRead MoreThe Impacts of Globalization on Developing Countries Essays1365 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization, love it or hate it, but you can’t escape it. Globalization may be regarded as beneficial from an economic and business point of view, but however cannot be perceived the ditto when examined from the social sciences and humanities side of it. Globalization can be argued as a tool for economic growth, advancement and prosperity through co-operation between the developed and developing countries. The pro-globalization critics argue that the benefits that globalization brings to developingRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Developing Countries1752 Words   |  8 PagesWhat are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats presented to a developing country by globalisation? Over the past two decades people all over the world have become closer than before. Goods and services that appear in a country will be immediately promoted in the others. This phenomenon is called globalisation. Globalisation at its simplest can be seen as the increase of international trade and services, the greater movement of labour and capital flows, the improvement in communicationRead MoreGlobalization Of World Trade Has A Positive Impact On Countries956 Words   |  4 Pagesglobalisation. However, globalisation does not benefit all countries in the same way. Developing countries do not always have well prepared industries for international competition, which can cause more instability. In addition, some jobs are lost and child labour is often used by countries to reduce production costs. Nevertheless, this essay will attempt to demonstrate that the increasing globalisation of world trade has a positive impact on countries, encouraging the growth and poverty reduction throughRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization And The Involvement Of European Countries With Fisheries Along The Lake1869 Words   |  8 Pagesregion. While the Sukuma are disperse d across Tanzania, those that live near Lake Victoria have greatly changed their ways of living because of the impacts of globalization and the involvement of European countries with fisheries along the Lake. Many of the Sukuma people work for the fisheries that export extremely high quantities of fish to other countries, and yet they are barely able to provide for themselves and their families. The city of Mwanza is made up of predominantly Sukuma people, and theirRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Politics And Public Policy810 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization greatly expands in 1990s when it is the period of business establishments nationwide (Naime, 2009). This phenomenon allows economic and politics of one country penetrate others (Mittelman, 1997). In addition, the factors of globalization includes the spatial reorganization of production, the industrialization across borders, the expansion of financial markets, the diffusion of identical consumer goods to distant countries , massive transfers of population and emerging worldwide preferenceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Spiritual Perspectives On Globalization 906 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Spiritual Perspectives on Globalization† written by Ira Rifkin and published by Skylight Paths Publishers in 2003, Rifkin defines globalization as a fusion of economic level, which encircles all the multinational companies that made possible the capital flows, cultural level, which encompass the homogenization of culture by the countries that undermine others and individual level, which features the consumerism and boost of consumer values (Rifkin). Still, globalization may reduce or increase inequalityRead MorePositive Impact Of Globalization762 Words   |  4 Pages Globalization is when companies and people begin to expand and integrate on an international scale, creating international free trade. While globalization has positive effects, it also is important to understand the impact it has across the world. â€Å"This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world† (What Is Globalization?). Globalization allows the free trade of products

Business Plan Evaluation - 3487 Words

Business Plan Evaluation: Zara Restaurant Lounge (Revision) After completing my first evaluation of Zara’s business plan I could not help but feel that I had missed something in my analysis. It was over the next week that I realized that I had failed to thoroughly evaluate the plan. At a glance, I thought the Zara concept was intriguing and as a bonus, aligned with my own dream to open a restaurant. I wanted to believe in the plan so much that I missed its weaknesses. Having time to review discussions from class and more resources and opinions of what effective business plans should contain, I now see there are glaring deficiencies in this plan. Zara’s business plan was written to secure sufficient finances to open a multi-use†¦show more content†¦Revenues are projected to increase by 6% in year two, 5% in year three, and 4% in years four and five. (sec. 8.2) Barriers to this projected growth may include but are not limited to: cost mismanagement, failures in marketing strategy, and failure to meet sales projections. Collection of cash following sales is immediate. Credit receipts are typically collected in a weekly batch. Key expenses/Cost Drivers – There are fixed, semi-variable, and variable costs in the Zara business model. Fixed costs are the first major expenses in the business plan including: design and building lease. The major semi-variable cost driver affecting the plan is labor costs. The major variable costs are food and alcohol expenses. Non-recurring costs for equipment purchase and construction are also major expenses in the first year of opening. These cost drivers are unlikely to change with the current model. The cost structure of Zara is based on the dominant cost driver of the business model – food and drink. Therefore an inventory structure combined with a payroll-centered structure best describes Zara. The primary cost center at Zara’s will be its marketing and promotions department. This is an extremely important aspect of Zara’s overall strategy. The owners intend to draw-in patrons from outside their local neighborhood, without a penetrati ng and successful marketing strategy Zara’s customerShow MoreRelatedBusiness plan evaluation Essay726 Words   |  3 Pagescapture memorable pet pictures for their clients. I have chosen APP from the Business Plan Pro software’s sample database to consider it for investment purposes. The following evaluation will explain my intent to invest in APP based on the overall writing of the business plan, feasibility of the plan, and the competencies needed by the entrepreneur to be successful. Writing Evaluation Adorable Pet Photography’s business plan is overall well written. The entrepreneur has adequately portrayed the company’sRead MoreEvaluation Of A Strategic Business Plan946 Words   |  4 PagesA strategic business plan follows a structured process which defines the purpose and goals of the company, and then adds the actions necessary to reach those goals. Quality planning will provide more recognition and commitment to the quality effort. Quality Council: The group which will develop guidelines, measure progress and assist with implementation of the quality objectives. The Quality Council is responsible for the growth, control, and effectiveness of total quality. Quality Policies:Read MoreEvaluation Of A Strategic Business Plan6241 Words   |  25 PagesASSESSMENT Part 1: Quantitative Analysis Brief Project Introduction Business plans are necessary for growth and success of companies. As cited in Scott (n.d.), a strategic business plan is a written document that pairs the objectives of a company with the needs of the marketplace. 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The Issue Of Social Media - 1236 Words

A limitation of this project stems from the limited study on this subject. The internet is a relatively new mission field and the internet presents unique challenges with limited case studies to evaluate. As a result, this evangelistic tool is confronted with much reluctance and concern. First, some argue that evangelism should be a face to face encounter and not from the internet. Inviting folks into this new dimension of ministry is very challenging. Additionally, because the Silent Generation and Baby Boomers are less likely to be active on social media, they are harder to convince that social media ministry is a good for the church. â€Å"One of the issues surrounding social media is the digital divide because of the lack of knowledge about computers and the lack of access to computers as well as high speed broadband (wifi).† This limits who you can reach with social media and actually creates a digital schism with economic and social barriers. She says, â€Å"†¦the gap between the technological have and have nots becomes deep a deep divide when high-speed broadband is unavailable and inaccessible because of cost.† Outline of Chapters In the introduction, I will introduce the problem, elucidate the opportunity, highlight the statement of limitations and describe the purpose of my research. In chapter one, I will define social media, list the different social media platforms, and acknowledge some critics of the social media. In chapter two, I will introduceShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Social Media1748 Words   |  7 PagesIssue 2- Social Media Unlike distance learning which a tool that delivers education to students is; social media is a form of communication that many of our students utilize to learn about matters that are going on around the campus and around the world. As stated by Ratliff, (2011) â€Å"Communication with student on campuses of higher education continues to drastically change† (p.1). There are many colleges and universities around the country that use social media to communicate a variety of informationRead MoreThe Issue Of Social Media2147 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction In the issue of social media networking utilized by educators to communicate with parents and the community, what protective measures must be enforced or what regulations apply when harassment towards the teachers is apparent? Children and teens of today will never know the world obsolete of social media. The impact of social media is becoming larger each and every day. Not only are children and young adults intrigued, but a large number of the world’s population. As of the third quarterRead MoreEthical Issues Of Social Media963 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Issues in Social Media Emerging Information Technologies are faced with numerous ethical issues. One of the most centers of ethical debate in Information Technology is social networks. Social networking has changed from a niche phenomenon to mass adoption. Although the concept of social networking was formulated in the 1960s, the advent of fast internet has sent the concept viral. Currently, social networks have been dogged with myriad ethical issues. Privacy issues are the epicenter of theseRead MoreThe Issue Proposal : Social Media1229 Words   |  5 PagesIssue Proposal: Social Media Technology has taken over our world. Electronics devices such as iPads, computers, Surfaces, and Smartphones make it easy for everyone to stay connected to social media. Technology is defined as â€Å"the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry† Online Etymology Dictionary). 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Now thatRead MoreIdentity Issues On Fashion And Social Media1866 Words   |  8 PagesIdentity issues on fashion and social media Identity consists roughly of what makes us unique as an individual and different from others. In other words, it is the way we see and define ourselves, or the network of values and convictions that structure our life. To an extensive degree, it is simpler to change our identity than controlling it in terms of fashion and social media aspects. Identity is an ever-changing process that begins as soon as we are born. Erikson (1980) stated that the social lifeRead MoreImpact Of Social Media On The Issue Of Gender Bias Essay1793 Words   |  8 PagesWriting 111 22 November 2016 My blog article is mainly focusing on the impact of social media on the issue of gender bias in science. Since social media has spurted into popularity in the 21 century, not only has it become a tool for communication and sharing personal lives, it can also play a significant role in generating a global conversation, catching millions of people’s attentions. Therefore by using social media wisely, literally everybody can make their own contribution to punishing sexismRead MoreA Critical Evaluation Of The Contemporary Issues Of Social Media1984 Words   |  8 PagesDon’t Forget To Like, Share and Subscribe: A Critical Evaluation of the Contemporary Issues in Social Media The recent explosion in computer-mediated communication has led to a phenomenal up-surge in the availability and use of social networking sites. Dictionary.com describes the term social networking as â€Å"an online community of people with a common interest who use a website or other technologies to communicate with each other and share information, resources, etc.† and, within the last 10/15

Wombats Free Essays

The Wombats are an alternative rock band hailing from Liverpool, England. They played a gig here in Chicago at Park West venue back in mid September. From the delicately soothing and fun beginning of â€Å"Our Perfect Disease,† Matthew Murphy’s vocals crawls into your head and whispers from a world of honesty most bands take considerable years to find. We will write a custom essay sample on Wombats or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Wombats word choice and vocal delivery roars with such raw and beautiful emotion that absorbs you in. This show was a show worthwhile. First, the venue was awesome, it was really intimate and allowed you to feel like you ere right there in stage with the band. Security did it’s Job and was professional, and the venue had a great atmosphere. Usually at Park West, it tends to be fairly easy to find your way to the front, but this show, was quite impossible. In order to be up close, you had to be there really early. Also, knowing that the band is huge in Europe, I could not pass up the chance to see them live. One of the best parts overall, was the ticket price which was only nine dollars! The opening acts, Morning Parade and The Royal Concept were really good too, one of the best warm up bands I haw seen at a show like this. The Wombats really fed off the crowd’s energy and seem absolutely, extremely stoked to be there. Most of the crowd was singing along throughout the concert and you could see In the band’s grins that they had not been expecting this and were pumped to see the crowd so into it. Moms pits and crowd surfing have started during the show, which does not really happen at an Indies rock concert, but does anyway. It was one of the greatest experiences I had at a show. Audio and sound did not have one single difficulty. The band threw their talent out and are exceptionally great live performers. It Is honestly depressing now listening to their albums because of how great they are live. Not only did they play nearly every song off of their most recent album, This Modern Glitch, but they also played a good selection of songs from their first album, Gulled to Love, Loss, and Desperation. Last but not least, I tend to always pay attention to the stage production. The lights were fascinating and synced In very well with each song performed. There was not a single flaw, the band was lively and energetic, the singing was great, and so were the Instrumentals. These guys are fun, they will Joke ND take photos of you while they are up there performing. Towards the end of the show, the band performed one of their tracks, â€Å"Little MISS Bedspread. † The drummer played the drums, keyboard, and harmonica – simultaneously. Sounds Impossible, but not for The Wombats. After the encore, all three band members took dives Into the crowd and It was unreal. I personally, thoroughly enjoyed what The Wombats put Wombats By Christianizes crowd was singing along throughout the concert and you could see in the band’s really happen at an Indies rock concert, but does anyway. It was one of the greatest ND are exceptionally great live performers. It is honestly depressing now listening to selection of songs from their first album, Guide to Love, production. The lights were fascinating and synced in very well with each song singing was great, and so were the instrumentals. These guys are fun, they will Joke show, the band performed one of their tracks, â€Å"Little Miss Bedspread. † The drummer played the drums, keyboard, and harmonica – simultaneously. Sounds impossible, but not for The Wombats. After the encore, all three band members took dives into the crowd and it was unreal. I personally, thoroughly enjoyed what The Wombats put How to cite Wombats, Papers

Nazis and Nietzsche Essay Example For Students

Nazis and Nietzsche Essay †¹During the latter parts of the Nineteenth Century, the German existentialist philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote a great deal on his ideas of morality, values, and life. His writings were controversial, but they greatly affected European thought. It can be argued that Nietzschean philosophy was a contributing factor in the rise of what is considered our worlds most awful empire, the Third Reich. †¹Such a stance is based on the fact that there are very similar currents in thought between the philosophy and the empire. †¹For example, history will, one would hope, never forget the atrocity that was the Holocaust. The notion that a civilized nation could choose to hate one group so much, to the point of barbaric genocide, seems unconscionable to most. However, the anti-Semitism that prompted the Holocaust had a fairly long history in Europe as a whole. Nietzsche, though he wrote of rethinking or rejecting the values and beliefs of the society, held to a fierce anti-Semitic viewpoint. Nietzsche, in Beyond Good and Evil, quotes Tacitus in saying that the Jews were born for slavery, and claims that Jews as a whole have inverted any and all proper values. Indeed, he seems to blame Judaism for what he would call the upside-down values of the world, saying:†¹life on earth has acquired a novel and dangerous †¹attraction for a couple of millenia: their prophets †¹have fused rich, godless, evil, violent, and †¹sensual into one and were the first to use the †¹word world as an oppr obrium. This inversion of †¹values (which include using the word poor as †¹synonymous with holy and friend) constitutes the †¹significance of the Jewish people: they mark the †¹beginning of the slave rebellion in morals(1234). †¹The last comment implies that the Jews are responsible for the oppression of the free spirits of mankind, and with that sentence, Nietzsche certainly appears to hold a grudge. (There are cross-references to other potentially anti-Semitic passages, but they have been edited out of the Morgan text.)†¹Coupled with this anti-Semitism is a definite sense of racialized thought. Nietzsche writes that his age is an age of disintegration that mixes races indiscriminately(1237). He says that such human beings of late cultures and refracted lights will on the average be weaker human beings(1237). He claims that the war that would exist in a person of mixed race, both biologically and culturally, would lead them to the safety and security of blind faith in a religion, or the values of the society. He therefore appears to conclude that only men of clean racial identity can be truly great, because they would have no internal conflicts. This view is rather illogical, for he assumes that a mixed race person has internal, biomechanical conflict, because of the assumption that the races are so truly separate as to be unmixable in any functional fashion. From this clean-race-only viewpoint, one can see the origins of the Nazi notions of Aryan superiority. If each race has its characteristics, then surely one must be better than the others. And what luck for the Germans that they determined, no doubt through careful study (as well as some reading of Winkelmann), that the Germanic Aryan race was superior. †¹Though the Aryan race was supposedly so superior, a black-haired gentleman from Austria would be the fellow to set himself in charge of Nazi Germany. It is certain that Adolf Hitler had some of the Nietzschean will to power, considering he rose from starving artist to Chancellor of Germany. However, Nietzsches existentialist philosophy did not necessarily state that the power one would will toward was political or economic, but was instead an internal power, a power of self-realization, a power to overcome ones limitations. Still, Nietzsche states: Genuine philosophers, however, are commanders and legislators: they say thus it shall be!'(1250). Hitler, it can be theorized, wanted to be a genuine philosopher, and wanted to prove himself an ubermensch. God being dead, according to Nietzsche, Hitler produced an extreme nationalist fervor in his people, revolving around him. He would soon use this power over his citizens to wage a war of conquest. .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .postImageUrl , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:hover , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:visited , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:active { border:0!important; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:active , .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1bb713d1213026b6ac8b7eafb59b322a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Effects Of Snowboarding On The Skiing Industry Essay†¹As with the anti-Semitism, one can see certain thoughts about conquest in Nietzsche. In Beyond Good and Evil, he speaks of an increase in the menace of Russia that Europe would have to resolve to become menacing, too(1247). Calling for unification by whatever means necessary, he states, the time for petty politics is over: the very next century will bring the fight for the dominion of the earththe compulsion to large-scale politics(1247). †¹Any Nazi who read such a text fragment would certainly see Hitler and Nazi Germany as the bringers of an eventual peace, and as the last bastion of defense for Europe. Of his will to power, Nietzsche states that Lifeis specifically a will to the accumulation of forcenothing wants to preserve itself, everything is to be added and accumulated(Oaklander, 81). Taken figuratively, one can relate Nietzsches words to the expansion of an empire. Of course, Nietzsches prophetic claim that a battle for the world was coming left out the potential role of a democratic experiment only a century old at this point: The United States of America. †¹On democracies, Nietzsche argued that they were the small-minded herd in control, a glorification of the slave morality, which could only hold back an overman. Taking a view of society somewhat similar to a view of laissez-faire capitalism, Nietzsche believes that it is the overmen that drive the progress of society, much like entrepreneurs drive capitalism. Thus, he says, democracy is a form of the decay, namely the diminution, of man, making him mediocre and lowering his value(1240). A nation-state in which the overmen ruled the masses would therefore seem to be the only tolerable governmental system. And we see that the police state totalitarianism of Germany, complete with secret police, ruled by Hitler, who was presumably the supreme overman, fits the bill of a total non-democracy rather well. The Nietzsche-Nazi parallels are striking. †¹Of course, as all people do, Hitler and the Nazis may have forgotten some of the passages of Nietzsche, such as certainly the state in which we hurt others is rarely as agreeable, in an unadulterated way, as that in which we benefit others; it is a sign that we are still lacking power(Oaklander 82). This would imply that Hitler, indeed, was a weak man, and that Nazism was weak, for it brought suffering on millions of others, including the population of Germany. Indeed, a great deal of being an overman is being recognized for itdistinguishing oneselfbut Nietzsche might argue that Hitler was a barbarian. As Nietzsche says, the barbarian imposes on others on whom and before whom he wants to distinguish himself(Oaklander, 82). By killing his own people, by invading other countries as swiftly as lightning and as certainly as death, Hitler proved himself to be quite weak, from a Nietzschean standpoint. And, if one applies what Nietzsche says about philosophies to overmen and overnations, one can see that when an overman begins to believe in his own incredible greatness, he will fall, for he will be blind to the truth , and when a nation believes in its own invincibility, than to the dust shall it return. †¹Hitler, by making his people believe in him, made them small, for as Nietzsche concludes, the man of faith, the believer, is necessarily a small type of man. Hence, freedom of spirit i.e., unbelief as an instinct is a precondition of greatness(Oaklander 79). And yet, as German forces were overrun by the Allies toward the latter days of the European saga of World War II, Hitler chose to blame †¹the people of Germany, saying that they had let him down. However, if the believer is weak, had he not weakened them intentionally, so that he might gain power, and be the distinguished overman? Or had he weakened by believing in his own invincibility?†¹One can see where many pieces of the Nietzschean philosophy of the late 1800s could have been the underpinnings of much of Nazi thought and propaganda. If indeed Hitler was fighting the battle for dominion of the earth, than his loss is a loss for the overmen everywhere. If, on the other hand, Hitler was an insane man, as Nietzs che became, than the victory over totalitarianism and tyranny is a sweeping victory for the freedom for mankind, and a defeat for the philosophies of Nietzsche. But of course, as Nietzsche said, there are no facts, only interpretations. Bibliography:

Should Children Be Allowed free essay sample

Should children be allowed to use mobile phones at school I believe that mobile phones should be allowed to be used at school at either before school, after school and during the luch breaks. Children should not use mobile phones in the classroom as that is the time and place to learn not to go on your phone. At luch time and recess children should be allowed to use their mobile phones because thay should be able to enjoy their break and eat their food happily and freely. I agree that mobile phones should not be used in the classroom, because if children were using their mobile phones in the classroom where they should be learning, their attention from their school work could drift off, therefore they would not know what to do in their studies leading to them failing their subjects and not succeeding at school. Also the teacher would get inturrupted by the phones noises causing her not to be able to concentrate on teaching the little amount of people who are not using their phones and trying to learn But I also think that children should be allowed to use their mobile phones during their luch breaks, before and after school as they are supposed to be resting and enjoying those times of the day as those are the only times they are allowed to rest during school hours, so they should spend that time efficiently by enjoying their time however they desire. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Children Be Allowed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I honesly do not see any reasons why children are not allowed to use their phones during these times unless they do not violate any other school rules whilst doing so. This being said I agree and disagree on the the statement â€Å"childlren should be allowed to use mobile phones at school. I agree by saying that they should be used during their lunch breaks, before and after school and I disagree by saying that they should not be used in the classroom, the place top learn.

The Bauhaus Notes essays

The Bauhaus Notes essays When Walter Gropius resigned as the head of the Bauhaus in 1930, Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969) became its director, moving it to Berlin before political pressures forced it to close in 1933. In his architecture and furniture he made a clear and elegant statement of the International Style, so much so that his work had enormous influence on modern architecture. Taking his motto "less is more" and calling his architecture "skin and bones," his aesthetic was already fully formed in the model for a glass skyscraper office building he concieved in 1921. Working with glass provided him with new freedom and many new possiblities. In the glass model, three irreguarly shaped towers flow outward from a central court. The perimeter walls are wholly transparent, the regular horizontal patterning of the cantilevered floor panes and their thin vertical supporting elements. The weblike delicacy of the lines of the glass model, its radiance, and the illusion of movement created by reflection and by light changes seen through it prefigure many of the glass skyscrapers of major cities throughout the world. Georg Muche's Haus am Horn, the model house for the Bauhaus exibition in 1923, was the first house he had ever designed. It is an extraordinary little Modernist Villa, classical in its own way. As the floor plan shows, it was designed for a single family with young children and no servants. The living room stands at the centre of the house, surrounded by all the other, much smaller rooms and lit by clerestory windows above. The surrounding rooms are linked in a logical way for middle-class households (the man's and the woman's rooms both lead into the bathroom, the womans room connects with the nursery and so on). M...

++i and i++ Increment and Decrement Operators

++i and i++ Increment and Decrement Operators These increment operators and the corresponding decrement operators are perhaps a little confusing to anyone who hasnt come across them before. To start with there are several different ways to add or subtract one. i i 1;i 1;i;i; For subtracting one there are the same four choices with - substituted for each . So why exactly does JavaScript (and other languages) provide so many different ways to do the same thing? Well, for one thing, some of these alternatives are shorter than others and so involve less typing. Using easily allows any number and not just one to be added to a variable without having to enter the variable name twice. That still doesnt explain why both i and i exist since both can only be used to add one and both are the same length. The reason for the two alternatives is that these are not really intended to be used as stand alone statements but are really designed to be able to be incorporated into more complex statements where you actually update more than one variable in the one statement.statements where you actually update more than one variable in the one statement. Probably the simplest such statement is as follows: j i; This statement updates the values of both of the variables i and j in the one statement. The thing is that while i and i do the same thing as far as updating i is concerned they do different things with regard to updating other variables. The above statement can be written as two separate statements like this: j i;i 1; Note that combining them together means we have eight characters instead of 13. Of course, the longer version is much clearer where it comes to working out what value j will have. Now if we look at the alternative: j i; This statement is the equivalent of the following: i 1;j i; This, of course, means that j now has a different value to what it had in the first example. The position of the either before or after the variable name controls whether the variable gets incremented before or after it gets used in the statement that it is used in. Exactly the same applies when you consider the difference between i and i where the position of the determines whether one is subtracted before or after the value is used. So when you use it separately as a single statement it makes no difference whether you place it before or after the variable name (except for a microscopic speed difference that no one will ever notice). It is only once you combine it with another statement that it makes a difference to the value that gets assigned to some other variable or variables.

Abraham and Jacob Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Abraham and Jacob - Essay Example arity between these two patriarchs rests in the strength of their faith and their obedience to the Lord, which set them apart from the other Hebrews and qualifies them as patriarchs. Abraham is the earliest Hebrew patriarch and plays an important role because God made a covenant with him, to make him the father of a great nation: â€Å"I will establish my covenant between me and you, and your offspring after you throughout their generations.† (Genesis 17:7). God entered into a similar covenant with Jacob at Bethel to bless his offspring with good things: â€Å"†¦..all the families of the earth shall be blessed in you and your offspring†¦.know that I am with you and will keep you wherever you go†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Genesis 28:15). The singular similarity between these two patriarchs is the strength of their faith, which is why they are called and chosen by God to be the patriarchs of the Jewish people. Abraham’s exemplary faith is demonstrated throughout his story, in his prompt obedience to the Lord. When God calls to him and says, â€Å"Take your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, and†¦.offer him there as a burnt offering† (Genesis 22:2), Abraham does not hesitate to obey, even if it means sacrificing his only son. Jacob is also able to survive in an alien country on the strength of his faith in God. He enters Egypt penniless but when he leaves Egypt, he is a rich man. Despite Laban’s efforts to cheat him on several occasions, the strength of his faith ensures a steady flow of the Lord’s blessings, so that he is able to flourish and thrive and his twelve sons become the forbears of the twelve tribes of Israel. Abraham the patriarch was the flag bearer of God’s covenant with the Hebrew people. Abraham’s role as patriarch is unique in that he was the first one that God selected, promising him that He would make him the father of a great nation. It was after God established his covenant with Abraham that the requirement for circumcision was set out, which forever

Write a report on the company called Marks & Spencer Essay

Write a report on the company called Marks & Spencer - Essay Example It is this overall sales figure where the returns on the shareholders’ stake in M&S business will be later derived, as well as the company’s sustainability of operations over the long run. Figure 2 highlights the changes in the different sales figures (M&S 2004-2008). By looking at the growth of sales using the previous year as benchmark, the increase or decrease in the company’s efforts to generate more sales can be later probed more deeply; that is, whether this increase or decrease in the growth can be attributable to management’s practices or external factors. Figure 3 shows the different areas of M&S, which include: UK general merchandise business; UK food business; International general merchandise business; and the International food business. The company’s overall increase in sales will be determined by the increase in the different business areas of the company, thus it is helpful to learn the contribution of the different areas by looking at the company’s sales breakdown. People. As the change in management results in a more experienced senior management and executive committee, the development of management capability gives the M&S an opportunity to develop its skills. Since these people are new, although experienced, the whole management capability of the company is not yet fully developed. Thus, this is a weakness to the company. Resources. By dividing the total liabilities figure by the M&S total assets figure (M&S 2008, 96), the debt ratio of 86.9% is derived. With this very high debt ratio, there is a possibility that the company will have less access to debt as its credit rating changes as more debt makes it riskier to the eyes of investors. The firm’s only choice can be equity financing for its future expansion. This is a weakness to the company. Innovation and Ideas. The company emphasises innovation as one of the company values. Apart from innovation in product development, this

Herbal Products Market Research

Herbal Products Market Research Abstract: Herbal products have gained a lot of attention in the recent years. This has pushed natural and nutraceuticals companies globally to take interest in these products. Herbal extracts are no longer a concoction of plants but are sophisticated standardized extracts. This has led countries all over the world to set regulatory guidelines and policies in order to maintain good quality, standardized herbal medicines. Konark Herbals Health Care, an India based company, manufactures solid and liquid herbal extracts in semi finished form. The company recently has decided to launch its products globally. This project focuses on opportunities of herbal products in the European Market i.e. the European Union. Europe being the central hub of herbal medicines is integrated with a number of regulatory guidelines set by the EU. The project aims at understanding these regulatory policies, gauging the market scenario and presenting ideas for launching the companys products by creating its place in the market. The main objective of this project was to gain an understanding of the herbal products already in the market and finding newer opportunity for its use Introduction About the Company Konark Herbals and Healthcare is a medium sized company established in 2004. The company is into manufacturing and selling of semi finished herbal products. These products include soft and dry herbal extracts, in both solid and liquid form. The company is also associated with the Konark Research foundation which carries out all the quality assurance and testing to ensure quality and standardised products. Konark manufactures over 300 herbals extracts, though its flagship product is curcumin and its derivatives. Up until 2010 the companys main focus was the domestic market. The products were marketed and sold either for domestic use or to other Indian companies for export purposes. The main problem faced by Konark was the competitive prices. The company also found that since the regulations in India were not very strict most competitive suppliers would sell sub standard quality products at a cheaper rate. A thorough study was done to understand the pros and cons of focusing on the domestic market. Therefore Konark Herbals and Health Care decided to launch its products globally. Therefore, this report focuses on opportunities of herbal products in the European market. Traditional Medicine has always had its popularity worldwide. In addition over the last few years there has been increase in the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) in many developed and developing countries. The last 15 years have seen an increase in the popularity of plant based medicines in the western world. Therefore the safety and quality of the CAMs have become very important concerns for the health authorities as well as the public. Several traditional medicine practices have been developed over the centuries in different cultures but without a parallel advance of international standards and using inappropriate methods for evaluating traditional medicine. Therefore strict guidelines and policies for herbal medicines are critical to the continued existence of quality products. Even though India and China are known for their herbal medicines since centuries, the hub of herbal products is Europe. More than 60% of the Europeans and greater than 80% of Germans (Figure 1) have used herbal products at some point of time in their life. Herbal remedies which we earlier sold in small special shops, often without any license, have now become mainstream drugs manufactured by multinational companies and sold in pharmacies throughout Europe. It is due to this high usage of products that the European Union has an extensive set of guidelines for herbal products. The EU has laid down guidelines and policies for all the processes related to these herbal products from manufacturing right up to market authorization and which it expects all to adhere to. European Union Overall Market Size The member states of the European Union represent the largest single commercial market for herbal drugs and medicinal plants in the world. The European market for herbal supplements along with herbal medicines is currently at $7.4billion. An analysis based on the data from IMS health placed the global European over the counter (OTC) market for herbal medicines at approximately $5billion. Imports The EU is also the largest importer of Crude medicinal plants and herbal extracts with imports approximated at around 100,000 tonne. This is almost double the quantity imported by the USA (IMS report). Germany is the most important European importer with 40% of the European market followed by France and Italy. European Guidelines Europe consists of 50 countries. And each country has its own regulatory guidelines and policies. It is important to know that out of the 50 countries only 27 countries fall under the European Union. Legislation in the European Union is set at the EU level, but there may be (additional) legal requirements which may be country specific. Although maximum synchronization is aimed it is not always achieved because of negotiations, debates and national interest. The European Medical agency along with the THMPD (Therapeutic herbal Medical product directive) are the two many regulatory bodies within the European Union. Each of the two bodies has a set of guidelines which has to be followed by not only the companies within Europe but also the companies that want to enter the European market for business opportunities. It includes policies from cultivation right up to marketing of the product in Europe. Understanding these guidelines is necessary for Indian companies such as Konark Herbals H ealth Care because in order to enter the European markets, they need to abide by them. The committee on Herbal Medicinal products (HMPC) HMPC, a part of the European Medical Agency, is responsible for preparing the agencys opinions on herbal medicines. In 2004 it replaced the proprietary medicinal products working party on herbal products which introduced a simplified registration procedure for herbal drugs in EU member states. The committee has the responsibility to prepare monographs of well established herbal medicines which is based on evaluation of available scientific data or on its traditional use in the European community. The monograph includes uses, safety information and information on undesirable effects. Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product Directive (formerly The Directive 2004/24/EC) The THMPD was established in 2004 to provide a simplified regulatory approval process for traditional herbal medicines in the EU. Under this regulation all herbal medicinal products are required to obtain an authorization to market within the EU. As per the THMPD all products marketed before this legislation came into force can market their product till 30 April, 2011. Once this limit expires they must gain market authorization. These guidelines are of great importance especially during the audits done by the European companies. As a mandatory procedure, all European companies conduct a thorough audit of the manufacturing facilities of the suppliers to check them for GMP compliance. The audit even checks for Good Agricultural practices (GAP) complied by the farmers supplying the crude plants to the supplier. GAP includes various documents and certificates that the supplier must have from the farmers. In case any of the guidelines are not met with, the supplier is not only rejected but is blacklisted by the company for future purposes until such time that the supplier has proven to be GMP and GAP compliant. Therefore the suppliers cannot afford to make any mistakes Examples of EU legislations relevant for herbal products: Directive 2001/83/EC on marketing authorization for medicinal products for human use, including homeopathic products and herbal medicines. Directive 2003/94/EC on the principles and guidelines of GMP for medicinal products for human use Phytosanitary measures. Directive 2000/29/EC Regulation 338/97 on the protection of endangered species in trade, CITES Preventive measures on organisms harmful to plants Directive 2000/29/EC Country Profiles Out of the 27 countries belonging to the European Union few countries such as Germany, UK and France are the major markets for herbal products. As mentioned earlier EU legislations are set at the EU level, but there may be country specific (additional) legal requirements. Understanding the guidelines for each of the countries is crucial because it is through these countries that Indian companies will make their entrance into the European Herbal Markets. Germany: Germany by far is the most important consumer of plant based medicines in Europe which accounts for more than 50 % of all European licensed herbal product sales. It is also the largest producers of herbal phytomedicines. Cultivation in Germany has declined massively over the years, which has lead companies to import herbal extracts from other countries such as India and China. This proves advantageous for Indian companies. It is also important to notice that even though Germany does have domestic cultivation, only 5% 10 % of the total requirement is covered by the domestic production. Germany is by far the largest importer of medicinal plants and extracts with imports of around 50,000 tonnes on a yearly basis. The basis of market authorization in Germany has been laid out in the Second Medicines Act which was formed in accordance with the EU legislative framework. It required a review of the safety and quality of 300 plants. This was done by a team of experts known as the Commission E who published more than 235 medicinal plants. Germany is one of the very few countries that consider herbal products as medicines thereby providing complete reimbursement of such products. The herbal drugs are reimbursable by the health insurance system unless special criteria for their exclusions apply. These exclusions are due to negative assessment by commission E. There are 380 monographs presented in the American Botanical CouncilsÂÂ  The Complete German Commission E Monographs, Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines, which has recently been translated into English The monographs include lists of approved and unapproved herbs, uses, indications, side effects, interactions of herbs with conventional drugs and duration of administration German Regulations: A national pharmacopoeia, the Deutsches Arneibuch and the European Pharmacopoeia are used, both of which are considered to be legally binding. A number of additional monographs have also being issued such as the Deutcher Arzneimittel Codex but are not legally binding. Regulatory Requirement for the manufacture of herbal medicines include adherence to the information in the pharmacopoeias. In the absence of pharmacopoeias, monographs, the GMP rules for conventional pharmaceutical, German Medicines Act and the Eudralex. Compliance with these requirements is ensured through inspection. Herbal medicines are sold in Germany in pharmacies as OTC and prescription medicines in special outlets and supermarkets. Advantages for an Indian Company to supply to German companies: Not more than 10% of the total requirement is covered by domestic market Only a handful of herbal plants are cultivated in Germany as compared to India. As per the adapted from BAH (Figure 2) more than a 100 Indian medicinal plants can cater to these therapeutic categories. Many Indian plants such as curcumin, Amla, Ashwagandha or on the positive list of commission E. Several curcumin products are reimbursed by the health insurance system. France: France is both a major producer and consumer of medicinal plants. It is the second largest market in Europe after Germany. It has more than 4000 hectares under cultivation of which over 30% is dedicated to plants such as thyme fennel chamomile and peppermint. Southern France is a major market for essential oils and aromatherapy. France imports around 30,000 tonnes of medicinal plants and extracts from countries such as India and China. France is also an exporter of medicinal plants which is about 8000 tonnes on a yearly basis. Most exports are simply intra European consignments often within same company. French regulations make it difficult to sell unlicensed herbal remedies. Around 527 medicinal plants are listed in the French Pharmacopoeia of which 454 plants are contained in list A (positive benefit /risk ratio). These include plants such as acacia. Curcumin, Aloe Vera etc. Plants such as tobacco and Thuja fall under list B that has a negative benefit/risk ratio. Despite all this, herbal medicines are classified as medicines in France and are subject to market authorization under the Health ministry. Guidelines: The French Republic does not have any national policy, laws, expert committee or national research institute on traditional medicines. Herbal medicines are regulated as OTC medicines and by law claims may be made about them. The same GMP rules for manufacture are applicable for herbal medicines as for the conventional medicines. Compliance with the requirements is ensured through inspections. Safety requirements are the same as that for conventional drugs. Out of 787 medicines registered none, are listed on national essential drug list. Advantages for Indian companies to target France: France is the Hub for essential oils and aromatherapy products. Therefore many Indian companies can supply oils such as cinnamon oil, turmeric oil etc. Out of the plants listed in List A of the French Pharmacopoeia more than 250 plants are available in abundance in India. Although the government is coming up with newer policies, cultivation in France is only for a minor group of medicinal plants. Therefore French companies have to look at supplier of plants and extracts. United Kingdom United Kingdom (U.K.) has until recently been well below that of many European counties. U.K. based MNCs have given limited importance to research in herbal drugs. British farmers too have not given much importance to medicinal plants. Less than 2000 hectares are devoted to medicinal plants. But consumption of herbal medicines has been growing at the rate of 10% (WHO report, 2008) Although U.K. has no single national office, the medicines and Healthcare product regulatory agency and the department of health in England have numerous teams to develop policy on the safe use and practice of traditional medicines. Herbal medicines are regulated under Medicines Act 1968 (2001/83, EC also applies). Until 2011 the directive provided two regulatory routes for herbal medicines to reach the market i.e licensed herbal medicines and unlicensed herbal medicines. Since May 2011 unlicensed herbal medicines have been ban in the market. The British Pharmacopoeia contains 124 national monographs. There are around 500 licensed herbal drugs in the U.K. but none are included in the national essential list. Herbal drugs are sold in pharmacies as OTC and prescription medicines. Overview of the top diseases affecting European human population Chronic diseases are the main cause of mortality in Europe. Research (by EDEC) suggests that complex conditions such as diabetes, depression and dementia will impose a prominent burden in the future. Some years ago chronic diseases were considered to be a problem of only the rich and elderly people. But today we know that which high income countries, poor as well as young people are affected by these chronic diseases. The implications of the diseases are also very serious. There are a number of chronic diseases that affect people all over Europe. The most prevalent ones are: Depression Obesity Diabetes Mellitus Alzheimers disease Parkinsons disease Dementia Schizophrenia COPD The link between disease and age is crucial from an economic public policy standpoint. The proportion of Europeans aged 65 years and older is projected to grow from 15% to 23% by 2030. This trend is clearly one of the many reasons for the growing burden of chronic diseases in Europe. (Pomerleau, Knai and Nolte, 2008). The prevalence of mental disorders is very high in Europe. Dementia amongst those who are aged i.e. 65 and above, in 2000 was estimated to vary between 6% to about 8 %. WHO has estimated that one in five persons will develop depression and each year 33 million European suffer from major depression. In 2008, the rates were lowest in Spain, Greece and Portugal while the highest estimates were for Finland, Israel, Belgium and France. Suicide from depressive disorders is the third leading cause of death among young Europeans. Top diseases affecting livestock in Europe Novel strategies and responses are necessary to meet the economic and human health risks that are associated with livestock diseases. Human-health threats from livestock come in two basic forms: (i) zoonotic diseases, and (ii) food-borne illnesses. Zoonotic diseases are those diseases that arise in animals but can also be transmitted to humans. Potentially pandemic viruses, such as influenza, are the most newsworthy, but many others, including rabies, brucellosis and anthrax also do exist. Food-borne illness can come from disease agents such as salmonella and E. coli. Highly pathogenic livestock diseases remain alarming for the people of Europe because: They are still highly pathogenic for humans. They are continuing to evolve. There is a risk of generic recombination with the viruses that are better adapted to, and can be easily transmitted among humans. The diseases affecting livestock in Europe include: Livestock Disease Avian influenza Bovine Tuberculosis Rabies Bovine Brucellosis Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) Ovine and Caprine brucellosis (B. Melitensis) Salmonellosis (zoonotic salmonella) Livestock Disease Avian influenza Ovine and Caprine brucellosis (B. Melitensis) Salmonellosis (zoonotic salmonella) African Swine Fever Bluetongue (High risk endemic areas) Methodology The main product to be launched by the company being Curcumin and its various derivates, a secondary research was conducted to gain an understanding about the product. Such a research gave an idea about its current use globally. Various companies across the globe are already manufacturing curcumin products and supplements therefore the product per se is not a novel product. But by understanding its current use it is possible to point out the areas that have never been explored. Companies such as Indena, Sabinsa, and Sigma Eldrich have been selling curcumin supplements over a decade. But it is astonishing to see that even today the full potential of curcumin and its derivatives has not been realized. This gives a possibility for companies to use such products for newer diseases. Reviewing diseases affecting Europe serves great importance since it explains the need for drugs in those sectors and consequentially the unmet medical need. About Curcumin Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from a the rhizome Curcuma longa (Turmeric). It is a gold-coloured spice frequently used in India, not just for health care but also for the preservation of food and as a dye for textiles. Since the time of Ayurveda (1900BC) numerous therapeutic actions have been assigned to curcumin for a selection of diseases, including skin diseases, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal systems, wounds, sprains, allergies and liver disorders. It is in the last few decades that curcumin has gained a lot of attention by researchers, scientists and nutraceuticals companies worldwide. It is due to this, that there have been more than a hundred experiments been conducted in animals and plants for various diseases. Konark Herbals and Health Care has a vast portfolio of curcumin extracts of various standards. The company manufactures the extract from 1% curcuminoid content up to 99% curcuminoids. KHHC products Curcuma longa powder extract (Total curcuminoids NLT 95% by HPLC/UV spectrophotometer) Curcuma longa powder extract (Total curcuminoids NLT 40% by HPLC/UV spectrophotometer) Curcuma longa powder extract (Total curcuminoids NLT 10% by HPLC/UV spectrophotometer) Curcuma longa Granular (Total curcuminoids NLT 95% by HPLC/UV spectrophotometer) Curcuma longa Granular (Total curcuminoids NLT 85% by HPLC/UV spectrophotometer) Uses There have been various trials conducted for a wide variety of diseases most of which have been successful but have not received their due. Below is a short summary of the various uses of curcumin Neurological Disorders: Curcumin being a potent anti inflammatory agent has found its use in a number of diseases. Various trials have been conducted for its use against several neurological disorders. Current treatments for the majority of these diseases have not succeeded adequate until now. Both of oxidative damage and inflammation have been proved as having roles in age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Because of its pluripotency, oral safety, prolonged history of use, and low cost, curcumin has huge potential for the prevention of numerous neurological conditions for which present therapeutics are less than optimal. Parkinsons disease Alzheimers disease Schizophrenia Depression Oncology: It has been proved that curcumin is an anti oxidant. This property of the molecule has allowed it use for several diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The anti oxidant property has potentiated its use even in the field of oncology which today is by far the most researched therapeutic category. Studies done on animals and humans have proved promising in more than just one type of cancer. There have been a number of articles published in journals all over the world regarding its potential use against prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer breast cancer and even blood cancer. Antibacterial Activity: Yet another property of curcumin is its proven use in the antibacterial and antifungal category. Curcumin was known to have antibacterial property since centuries but only recent experiments and research have proved its antibacterial activity. This has not only interested physicians but also veterinarians in potentially using curcumin as a topical drug. Patents The according to the Intellectual property rights, the use of curcumin cannot be patented since it is protected by traditional Knowledge of the country. But there have been several patents granted for novel drug delivery system of curcumin. The reason for modifying the molecule developing new delivery systems is because curcumin is a hydrophobic molecule and hence it has a low bioavailability. In order to over this problem researchers have formulated various novel systems to enhance its bioavailability. Understanding the current patents held for curcumin is needed because it shows how advance the industry is. A list of a few patents has been given below Water soluble curcumin based compounds , US patent application Curcumin Dextrin combinations, US patent application Buccal Drug Delivery System for Curcumin, US patent application Vaginal drug Delivery of curcumin, US patent application Spray freeze dry for pulmonary administration, US patent application Potential launch of curcumin products for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Diabetes is a chronic disease that arises when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This leads to raised glucose levels in the blood and can cause long-term damage to the body and failure of various organs and tissues. Currently about 55 million Europeans are affected by diabetes Mellitus type 2. Studies conducted at research institutes have proven the effect of curcumin against diabetes. A comprehensive study was done on the diseases and the use of curcumin against various symptoms of the disease. A matrix approach was taken up. (As suggested by Dr Arun Bhatt, Clininvent) With the help of secondary research it was observed that curcumin can treat almost all symptoms relating to diabetes. Various poly herbal formulations are also in the development stage at Konark herbals and health care which have the potential to treat diabetic conditions. Through the research it was observed that several herbs in combination with curcumin could be used against the diabetic symptoms. Curcumin also has shown positive results for reducing cholesterol and LDL levels in the body i.e. preventing obesity. This can give curcumin an opportunity to act as a drug for pre diabetic syndrome. This can have a much better market since it has been observed that the trend amongst more people globally is cha nging from illness to wellness. Effect Potential Cure Eyes and vision Retinopathy caused due to oxidative stress and inflammation Cataract- does not prevent but delays its occurrence. Curcumin Feet and skin Foot ulcers. Polyherbal formulation (on going RD at Konark ) Joint pain osteoarthritis Osteoporosis- Curcumin , curcumin + Ashwagandha Oral Gum diseases Curcumin , curcumin + neem Curcumin in the form of THC Dry mouth Anti bacterial effect of curcumin Gingivitis Antibacterial effect s of curcumin Complications Alzheimers disease Curcumin, Melissa officinalis, ashwagandha, tinoprora cordifolia Cancer Prostate cancer Breast Cancer Colon Cancer Curcumin Cholesterol Metabolic syndrome Curcumin UTI Curcumin +boswelia antibacterial activity Further work remaining in the project: Potential launch of product for various diseases Speaking with the experts SWOT analysis Marketing strategies 4Ps Barriers to entry and overcoming challenges References: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/landing/vet_epar_search.jspHYPERLINK http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/landing/vet_epar_search.jspmid=WC0b01ac058008d7a8HYPERLINK http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/landing/vet_epar_search.jspmid=WC0b01ac058008d7a8mid=WC0b01ac058008d7a8 http://www.imb.ie/EN/Human-Medicines/Human-Medicines/Traditional-Herbal-Medicines-Registration-Scheme.aspx http://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com/issues/2008-07/view_features/the-global-herbs-amp-botanicals-market/ http://www.anh-europe.org/node/3113 http://www.turmeric-curcumin.com/ http://www.research.ucla.edu/tech/ucla02-427.htm http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jps.22512/abstract http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/754681 http://www.clininvent.com/clininvent/Publications/Complementary%20medicine%20Need%20for%20a%20balanced%20approach%20-%20Heal~1.htm http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929771/